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A new analysis of federal money that public schools receive for low-income students shows that a record number of the nation's school districts will receive less in the coming academic year than they did for the one just ended.
For the 2005-2006 school year, spending under the Department of Education's Title I program, which helps low-achieving children in high-poverty areas, is increasing by 3.2 percent, to $12.6 billion. But because of population shifts, growing numbers of poor children, newer census data and complex formulas that determine how the money is divided, more than two-thirds of the districts, or 8,843, will not receive as much financing as before.
The analysis, based on data from the department, was made by the Center on Education Policy, a group advocating for public schools. A similar study by the group last year showed that 55 percent of the schools would receive less money than they did in the previous year.
"It's an alarming number," said Tom Fagan, a former department official who conducted the analysis. "It's clear that the amount of overall increase is not keeping pace with the number of poor kids."
Susan Aspey, a department spokeswoman, defended the spending levels for Title I,saying, "President Bush and Congress have invested record amounts of funding to help the nation's neediest students."
But Mr. Fagan said the increasing number of districts that are losing money is making it harder for the schools to meet the goals of the federal No Child Left Behind Act, the Bush administration's signature education program, which measures progress through annual tests in math, reading and science. That is giving critics of the program more grounds to accuse the administration of not sufficiently financing the program while demanding greater results.
Title I provides the largest component of financing for No Child Left Behind.
"The federal government is concentrating more money in fewer districts," said John F. Jennings, the president and chief executive of the Center on Education Policy. "It means there is lots of anger and lots of tension. They're asking us to do more and more with less and less."
1
As it is indicated in the passage, the new analysis _____.
A.
studied the federal money spent on low-income students
B.
aimed at promoting the establishment of more public schools
C.
showed that about half the schools would receive less money
D.
was conducted by the Department of Education's Title I program
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
事实细节题。本题考査对长句的理解。从第1段首句中的"…of…"这一结构可知这个最新分析是要研究联邦政府资金问题的。所以排除B。由第3段第1句可知这项最新分析是由the Center on Education Policy 进行的,因此排除选项D。根据第3段最后一句,选项C中show的行为主体应为similar study。
2
Which of the following factors does NOT lead to the result that more than two-thirds of the districts will get more poorly financed?
A.
People often move from one place to another.
B.
There are more children from poor families.
C.
The way of distributing money has changed.
D.
Spending under the Title I program decreased.
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
事实细节题。本题考查因果关系。第2段第2句指出有三个原因造成超过2/3的地区得到的资金减少,选项A、B、C是对这三个原因的近义改写,但其中选项C与原句的形式分别最大,容易造成误选。
3
Susan Aspey looks at the funding by the government with _______.
A.
criticism
B.
consent
C.
Indifference
D.
expectation
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
观点态度题。本题考查文人物的观点。苏珊?阿斯贝的观点态度只能从第5段推断出,从这一段中的defended和record amount of funding可知她对教育部的拨款数是认同的。选项A和C都是贬义词,不可 能表达她的观点;选项D虽是褒义词,但苏珊是在陈述已发生的事实,而不是发表对教育部的期望。
4
According to Tom Fagan, ______.
A.
the government has done its best to finance the poor children
B.
the goals of No Child Left Behind Act are difficult to realize
C.
the way of measuring progress by annual tests should be changed
D.
the Bush government shouldn't have approved the Title I program
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。由文中第6段第1句中的harder... to meet...可知选项B正确。选项C最具干扰性,要排除这个干扰,关键是要理解第6段第1句中由which引导的非限制性定语从句的作 用。这个从句是对前面"the Bush administration's signature education program"的附加事实信息,不属于汤姆?法甘的看法。
5
When the government concentrates more money in fewer districts, _____.
A.
more poor children will get benefited
B.
more public schools will have to be closed
C.
it will arouse more people's dissatisfaction
D.
No Child Left Behind Act will be realized sooner
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
推理判断题。根据第6段第1句可知选项A和D与事实不符。最后一段倒数第2句中的anger和tension两词,可推断人们对此表示不满。
The rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.
Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, America's relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the world's top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts (相对应的人) in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson—Marshall's U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word "foreign"would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such things as foreign.
6
According to the passage, America's relations is being threatened because of ________.
A.
an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies
B.
shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologies
C.
the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S.
D.
increased efforts of other countries in public relations
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
事实细节题。由第2段第1句美国在公关方面威胁是来自其他国家在这方面的努力,故得知D为正确答案。
7
London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because ________.
A.
British companies are more ambitious than U.S. companies
B.
British companies place more importance on PR than U.S. companies
C.
British companies are heavily involved in planning activities
D.
four of the world's top public relations agencies are British-owned
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
事实细节题。第2段最后两句提到,最近的研究调查发现,英国有超过一半的公司将PR作为其公司的计划活动的一部分,而美国只有三分之一的公司这样做,不久伦敦将取代纽约成为PR的中心。因此B为正确答案。
8
The word "provincial" (Line 2, Para. 3) means "________".
A.
limited in outlook
B.
like people from the provinces
C.
rigid in thinking
D.
interested in world financial affairs
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
词义理解题。provincial是province"省;区域;范围"的派生词,可见它与"区域性的、一定范围的"的意思有关。文中提到美国人相当provincial,更关心的是本地的事情,因此provincial的意思与A最为接近。
9
We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry ________.
A.
speak at least one foreign language fluently
B.
are ignorant about world geography
C.
are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts
D.
enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
推理判断题。第3段提到了美国在全球公共竞赛中与其欧洲对手相比落后的三个主要原因:美国人视野较窄,只关心本地的事物,关于世界地理的知识了解不多(但并不是一无所知,因此B不正确);外语流利的人很少(可见A是不正确的);阅读面很窄,只读《华尔街日报》(可见D也不正确)。由此可推断出美国人与其欧洲对手相比,没有那么老练,因此C为正确答案。
10
What PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?
A.
American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.
B.
The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies.
C.
People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.
D.
People involved in PR should avoid using the word "foreign".
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
事实细节题。文章最后两句提到,特纳宣称在CNN的新闻广播中"foreign"一词将不再被使用,全球化的通讯已经使得世界各国相互依靠,从而不再需要"foreign"这类东西,也就是说所有人都应当具有国际观念,因此A为正确答案。
According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today's traditional-age college freshmen are "more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)" than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.
Not surprising in these hard times, the student's major objective "is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life." It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.
Interest in teaching, social service and the"altruistic"fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.
That's no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job-even before she completed her two-year associate degree.
While it's true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions m be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.
Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run!
But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): "Miss Baxter," he says, "could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?"
From the long-term point of view, that's what education really ought to be about.
11
According to the author's observation, college students _______.
A.
have never been so materialistic as today
B.
have never been so interested in the arts
C.
have never been so financially well off as today
D.
have never attached so much importance to moral sense
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
事实细节题。根据第1段可知,根据调査,当今处于传统年龄的大学一年级的学生在17年来的民意测验中是"最追求物质享受、最自私的",这与A所述相一致。
12
The students' criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _______.
A.
the influences of their instructors
B.
the financial goals they seek in life
C.
their own interpretations of the courses
D.
their understanding of the contributions of others
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
事实细节题。根据第2段第1句指出现在大学生选择专业的目的是为了经济上的富裕,B中的financial goals对应文中的financial well off,故正确。
13
By saying "While it's true that ... be they scientific or artistic" (Lines 1-3, Para. 5), the author means that _______.
A.
business management should be included in educational programs
B.
human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speed
C.
human intellectual development has reached new heights
D.
the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
句意理解题。本句首选强调Career职业的重要性,之后强啁我们也必须理解其他领域的知识,所以这句目的是强调全面教育的重要性,故D正确。
14
Studying the diverse wisdom of others can ________.
A.
create varying artistic interests
B.
help people see things in their right perspective
C.
help improve connections among people
D.
regulate the behavior of modern people
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
事实细节题。根据第5段第2句:同样毋庸置疑的还有,学习他人的各种智慧时,我们也学会怎样去思考。句中how to think与B中的see things in…right perspective意思最为相反,故B正确。
15
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.
Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.
B.
Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.
C.
People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.
D.
Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
事实细节题。根据文章的第5至6段可知,作者认为罢工要求加薪等一些追求眼前利益的行为是目光短浅的,故D正确。
In order to host the Olympics, a city must submit a proposal to the IOC. After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes. If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated,the voting continues, until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded several years in advance, allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games.
In selecting the site of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, and chiefly among them is which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively. The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games. For instance, Tokyo, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Beijing, that of the 2008 Games, were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia. Because of growing importance television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host city's time zone. Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.
Once the Games have been awarded, it is the duty of the local organizing committee----not the IOC or the NOC of the host city's country to provide them with money. This is often done with a part of the Olympic television revenues, and corporate sponsorships,tickets sales, and other smaller revenue sources. In many cases there is also direct government support.
Although many cities have achieved amounts of money by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially risky. When the financial gains from the Games were less than expected, the city was left with large debts.
16
During voting, the city ______ will win host of Olympics.
A.
getting most votes in the first vote
B.
getting more than half votes
C.
being supported by a major city
D.
going around successfully
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
事实细节题。根据第1段可知,根据调査,当今处于传统年龄的大学一年级的学生在17年来的民意测验中是"最追求物质享受、最自私的",这与A所述相一致。
17
In selecting the host city, the IOC will consider several factors EXCEPT________ .
A.
the time zone of the host city
B.
the existing facilities of the host city
C.
whether the area has hosted the Games
D.
whether profit could be made by the host city
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
事实细节题。根据第2段第1句指出现在大学生选择专业的目的是为了经济上的富裕,B中的financial goals对应文中的financial well off,故正确。
18
According to the passage, one of the reasons for Tokyo to be the host of Olympics in 1964 may be _______ .
A.
it's a major city of Japan
B.
it's a famous city
C.
it s a city in Asia
D.
it's nice and cool in summer
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
句意理解题。本句首选强调Career职业的重要性,之后强啁我们也必须理解其他领域的知识,所以这句目的是强调全面教育的重要性,故D正确。
19
Every Olympic Games is financed by ________.
A.
the local government and the financial organizations
B.
the local government and the organizing committee
C.
the IOC and the National Olympic Committee
D.
the local companies and the local media
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
事实细节题。根据第5段第2句:同样毋庸置疑的还有,学习他人的各种智慧时,我们也学会怎样去思考。句中how to think与B中的see things in…right perspective意思最为相反,故B正确。
20
The word "proceeds" in the last sentence most probably means "__________" .
A.
sponsorship
B.
reputation
C.
financial support
D.
financial profit
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
事实细节题。根据文章的第5至6段可知,作者认为罢工要求加薪等一些追求眼前利益的行为是目光短浅的,故D正确。
If you're finding it tough to land a job,try expanding your job-hunting plan to include the following tactics:
Set your target.While you should always keep your options open to compromise,you should also be sure to target exactly what you want in a job.A specific job hunt will be more efficient than a haphazard one.
Schedule ample interviews.Use every possible method to get interviews --answering ads,using search firms,contacting companies directly,surfing the Web,and networking.Even if a job is not perfect for you,every interview can be approached as a positive experience.
Follow up.Even if someone does not hire you,write them a thank-you note for the interview.Then,some weeks later,send another brief letter to explain that you still have not found the perfect position and that you will be available to interview again if the original position you applied for—or any other position,for that matter—is open.Do this with every position you interview for,and you may just catch a break.
Make it your full-time job.You can't find a job by looking sporadically。You have to make time for it.If you're unemployed and looking,devote as much time as you would to a full-time job.If you have a job while you're looking,figure out an organized schedule to maximize your searching time.
Network vertically。In the research phase of your job hunt,talk to people who are on a level above you in your desired industry.They'll have some insights that people at your own level won't have, and will be in a good position to hire you or recommend you to be hired.
Keep your spirits up.Looking for a job is one of the toughest things you will ever have to do.Maintain your confidence,stay persistent,and think positively,and eventually you will get a job that suits you.
21
According to the author, your job-hunting plan had better be as_________ as possible.
A.
random
B.
clear
C.
fixed
D.
complex
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
事实细节题。也可归类为词义推断题。根据第1段第3句,只要弄清楚majority的准确意思,即可做出正确选择。本题最具干扰的是选项A,其中的most(最多的)与majority(大多数)意思很相近,majority通常是指超过半数以上的多数,而获得most votes的国家也不一定等于获得超过半数以上的选票,因此选项A是不对的。
22
The "search firms" are most probably ________ .
A.
companies that have vacant posts available
B.
companies that supply website-search service
C.
companies that provide job-hunting service
D.
companies that study job market and employment rate
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
事实细节题。本题考查列举处。本题可用排除法找出答案。本文第2段列举了影响奥运会选址的四个因素,选项A、B、C分别对应着其中一个因素,只有选项D不在其中。
23
When hunting a job, you'd better communicate with people on a level above you because ______ .
A.
they will hire you soon
B.
they will ask someone to hire you
C.
you will benefit from their fame
D.
you can learn from them
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
推理判断题。本题考査举例处。第2段中东京获得1964奥运会主办权这个事实是用于支持上一句(第2句)的说法的,第2句指出奥运会选址还会考虑哪个地区从没举办过奥运会,结合第3句,即可推断选项C 正确。选项A、B和D可能符合现实,但是文中并无相关依据。
24
As indicated in the passage, in order to get a suitable job, you should ______ .
A.
always keep an optimistic spirit
B.
mainly focus on a full-time job
C.
apply for one job at one time
D.
follow other people's footsteps
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
事实细节题。本文第3段指出了举办奥运会的资金来源,通过对比选项与这3句的陈述,即可找出正确选项为B。选项A具有干扰性,其中financial organizations意为"金融组织",虽与第1句中的organizing committee和finance等词相似,但意思却完全不同。
25
What's the best title for this passage?
A.
Interview Strategies.
B.
Interview Ceremony.
C.
Job-hunting Experience.
D.
Job-hunting Strategies.
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
词义推断题。proceeds所在的句子是对上一句的进一步说明,其中,本句最后的large debts对应上一句的financially risky,因此,此句中的proceeds 对应上句的financial profit。
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