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英语四级
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Shareholders are warning Lloyds Banking Group that they have residual concern about bonuses of ￡4 million awarded to executives for last year, despite assurances from the bank that it will review its procedures for determining payouts.
The investors are being urged to take "careful considered judgment" before backing the pay policies at the bank at the annual meeting when voting on the remuneration (报酬）report.
The Association of British Insurers (ABI)，whose members include the big insurance company investors in the stock market, has issued an "amber top" alert on the remuneration report-an indication that the ABI sees potential problems with the approach to pay and corporate governance that require close analysis.
The bank, 41% owned by the taxpayer, has attempted to defuse a potential row with investors over the bonuses handed to its boardroom by announcing the resignation of the chairman of the remuneration committee, Wolfgang Berndt. He left after pressure from the government over concerns he had awarded a ￡2.3 million bonus to chief executive Eric Daniels. UK Financial Investments, the body which looks after the taxpayers' stake in Britain's state-supported banks, played a key role in Berndt，s departure but refused to comment on how it vote on the remuneration report.
Daniels turned the bonus down, but four boardroom colleagues accepted a combined ￡4 million in bonuses in a year in which the bank reported losses. Peter Montagnon, director of investment affairs at the ABI, said, "There is some residual concern among some shareholders in the way the remuneration committee made its decision on bonuses. We note that there is a new remuneration committee chairman, and a commitment to maintain close dialogue, which is positive."
Lloyds said that in addition to toughening up the performance targets for new bonuses，it would take extra care when awarding bonuses at the end of this year. " Following shareholder representation, the remuneration committee will review performance against targets for the 2010 annual incentive (鼓励)plan in light of the overall operating performance. It will exercise its discretion to reduce awards if it is thought to be appropriate," the bank said.
1
What do shareholders feel after the bank makes certain assurances?
A.
They completely trust the bank's promise.
B.
They still have doubts about the bonuses.
C.
They hold an optimistic attitude towards the bank.
D.
They thoroughly ignore the bank's efforts.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的shareholders和assurances定位到第一段。细节辨认题。由定位段可知，尽管银行方面作出相关保证，但股东们对于去年授予主管们400万英镑红利这一事件仍然十分焦虑,故正确答案为B)。
2
What do we know about the "amber top" alert by the Association of British Insurers?
A.
It is a threat to big insurance company investors.
B.
It indicates how confusing the stock market is.
C.
It implies that possible issues exist in payment and management.
D.
It points out the responsibility the government should take.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的"ambertop"alert和the Association of British Insurers定位到第三段。细节辨认题。由定位段可知，英国保险协会已发出警示，这表明其看到了付薪方式以及公司管理体制存在的潜在问题，故正确答案为C)。
3
UK Financial Investments is an institute that_____.
A.
supported the bank on the remuneration report
B.
cared for the benefits of taxpayers completely
C.
played a dominant role in Britain's state-supported banks
D.
made no comment on voting the remuneration report
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的UK Financial Investments定位到第四段最后一句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，英国金融投资公司管理英国国有银行纳税人的股份,但它拒绝就其如何对薪酬报告进行投票发表评论,故正确答案为D)。
4
What is Peter Montagnon's attitude towards the committee's way of deciding bonuses?
A.
Critical.
B.
Objective.
C.
Pessimistic.
D.
Dissatisfied.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的Peter Montagnon定位到第五段第二、三句。观点态度题。由定位句可知，Peter Montagnon指出，薪酬委员会就红利问题作出决定的方式仍使部分股东担心。同时,他表示新任命一位薪酬委员会主席并承诺保持密切对话是积极的表现。由此可知，他持客观的态度,故正确答案为B)。
5
According to Lloyds, we can see that_____.
A.
new bonuses should be limited by banks from now on
B.
shareholders should set proper targets to invest money
C.
the remuneration committee should not take the responsibility
D.
awards could be reduced in an appropriate way
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的Lloyds定位到第六段。推理判断题。由定位段可知，如果恰当的话，将酌情减少奖励数额，D)符合原文,故正确答案为D)。
Time is running out for governments to overhaul regulation of global banks that have become bigger and more powerful since the start of the financial meltdown three years ago, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) warned. In its half-yearly health check on the financial sector, the Washington-based fund said there was an urgent need for international cooperation to tackle the systemic risks posed by banks deemed "too big to fail".
"The future financial regulatory reform agenda is still a work in progress, but will need to move forward with at least the main ingredients soon," the IMF said in its Global Financial Stability Review. The window of opportunity for dealing with too-important-to-fail institutions may be closing and should not be wasted，all the more so because some of these institutions have become bigger and more dominant than before the crisis erupted.
The fund said the end of the recession and the pick-up in financial markets had cut the estimated losses of banks. But it stressed that the debts amassed by governments in their attempts to lessen the impact of the global recession threatened to open a new chapter in the credit crunch. The IMF said government borrowing would remain high over the next two years, particularly in the UK. In Britain, the increase in both corporate and household debt in the pre-crisis years meant non- financial private sector debt stood at over 200% of GDP. Predicting a slow, shallow and uneven recovery in credit, the fund said bank profits would be affected by a tougher regulatory regime.
The report provided conditional support for the Conservative plan to scrap (废除)the Financial Services Authority and hand banking regulation to the Bank of England. A unified regulator-one that oversees liquidity and solvency issues-removes some of the conflicting incentives that result from the separation of these powers, but nonetheless if it is required to oversee systemic risks it would still be softer on systemically important institutions than those that are not. This arises because the failure of one of these institutions would cause disproportionate damage to the financial system and regulators would be loathing seeing serial failures. Care would be needed, the IMF said, to ensure the right balance between making the financial system safer and ensuring that it continued to be efficient and innovative.
6
The main reason why governments should check the regulation of global banks is that_____.
A.
the banks hold the dominant position in the financial field
B.
they want the banks to become bigger and more powerful
C.
the financial recession has a great impact on the whole world
D.
innovation puts too much pressure on governments
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的 governments should check the regulation of global banks 定位到第一段。细节辨认题。由定位段可知，这些银行从三年前的金融危机起已经变得越来越大,越来越强，被视为"太大而不能倒闭"，并存在系统性风险，由此可见它们的地位之重，故A)为正确答案。
7
The IMF thinks that too-important-to-fail institutions should_____.
A.
be closed down in order to save some resources
B.
be handled by governments as soon as possible
C.
become bigger and more dominant than ever before
D.
become more competitive in international markets
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的IMF和too-important-to-fail institutions定位到第二段第二句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，处理那些太重要而不能倒闭的银行的机会之门可能在关闭，这个机会不应该被浪费，故B)为正确答案。
8
From the third paragraph, it can be predicted that_____.
A.
the economic recovery can erase bank losses completely
B.
the regulatory regime will affect bank profits
C.
household debts in Britain make banks bankrupt
D.
the global recession is getting worse and worse nowadays
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的the third paragraph和be predicted定位到第三段最后一句。推理判断题。由定位句可知，预计在这种经济发展缓慢、变化不大而且不均衡解析的信贷复苏情况下,银行利润将会受到更强硬的管理体制的影响，故B)为正确。
9
Why is care needed according to the IMF?
A.
To help the Conservative to improve its reputation in politics.
B.
To cause disproportionate damage to the financial system.
C.
To help keep the balance between systemic safety and innovation.
D.
To develop and improve the quality of banking service.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的care和according to the IMF定位到第四段最后一句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，国际货币基金组织表示要小心行事，以在确保金融体系更安全和确保它继续保持效率和创新之间获得平衡，故C)为正确答案。
10
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A.
IMF Warns Time Is Running Out to Tackle "Too Big to Fail" Banks
B.
IMF Should Make Effective Measures to Improve Financial System
C.
Governments Ought to Be to Blame for Current Serious Recession
D.
"Too Big to Fail" Banks Should Be Responsible for Financial System
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的the best title of the passage定位到整篇文章。主旨大意题。全文主要讲述国际货币基金组织分析占主要地位的银行所面临的形势，指出应对它们的管理做出调整，并强调时间紧任务重，故A)为正确答案。
US import prices recorded the biggest drop in five months in November as food and fuel costs tumbled (下跌), keeping inflation pressures subdued against the backdrop of a weak economy.
The Labor Department said on Wednesday import prices fell 0.9 percent after three straight months of gains. October's data was revised to show a 0.3 percent increase rather than the previously reported 0.5 percent gain. Economists polled by Reuters had expected import prices to fall 0.5 percent last month. In the 12 months to November, import prices fell 1. 6 percent. Stripping out fuels and food prices, import prices dipped 0.1 percent as the cost of capital goods fell by the most since March 2010 and automobile prices were flat, indicating that broader inflation pressures remained benign (良性的).
"The global economy is restraining prices here and abroad. This indicates global demand is soft and will remain soft in the near term," said Gus Faucher, a senior economist at PNC Financial Services in Pittsburgh. "This adds to the perception that inflation is not a concern. "
The tame inflation environment should allow the Federal Reserve to stay on its ultra-easy monetary policy course as it tries to nurse the economy back to health. Officials at the US central bank resume policy deliberations on Wednesday and are expected to reaffirm the Fed's accommodative stance (立场) at the end of the two-day meeting.
Data on Thursday is expected to show that weak energy costs depressed wholesale prices in November for a second month in a row, according to a Reuters survey of economists. Last month, imported petroleum prices fell 3.6 percent after slipping 0.2 percent in October. Imported food prices fell 1.3 percent, the biggest decline since February, after edging up 0.2 percent the prior month. Elsewhere, imported capital goods prices fell 0.3 percent after being flat in October. Imported motor vehicle prices were unchanged after rising 0.3 percent the previous month.
The Labor Department report also showed export prices fell 0.7 percent last month, the largest drop since June. Export prices were flat in October. Export prices were last month weighed down by declines in prices for industrial supplies and materials. Prices for nonagricultural supplies and materials also fell as did prices for consumer goods excluding automobiles.
11
What prediction can be made based on the recent import prices and the automobile prices?
A.
The US import prices would face another big drop.
B.
The economy could be under greater pressure.
C.
The general inflation pressure would be mild.
D.
The Labor Department may change the import policy.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的import prices and the automobile prices定位到原文第二段最后一句。推理判断题。由定位句可知，剔除燃油和食品价格，进口价格下降了0.1%，因为自2010年3月以来，资本货物成本创下最大跌幅，而汽车价格保持平稳，这都说明，较大的通胀压力现在依然处在良性阶段。由此推断出C)为正确答案。
12
What does Gus Faucher think of the import prices?
A.
Regional prices must be in accord with global prices.
B.
Demand is the key factor that determines the final prices.
C.
The import prices can reflect the demand to some extent.
D.
The import prices indicate that the global economy is stable.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的Gus Faucher定位到第三段。推理判断题。由定位段可知，Gus Faucher指出不管国内还是国外，全球经济都对价格有所抑制。这表明，全球的需求在目前和接下来的一段时期内将会保持疲软状态。由此可以推断，进口价格在某种程度上会反映出市场需求，因此C)正确。
13
What is the purpose of the Federal Reserve to keep the ultra-easy monetary policy?
A.
To get prepared for worse inflation.
B.
To make the economic environment softer.
C.
To revive the economy of America.
D.
To meet the need of the US central bank.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的the Federal Reserve定位到第四段第一句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，温和的通胀环境应该可以容许美联储保持超宽松的货币政策，因为美联储在促使经济回到健康状态。由此句可知，美联储的货币宽松政策的目的是C)"使美国经济复苏"。
14
What prediction does the Reuters survey of economists make?
A.
Energy costs will stimulate the whole market.
B.
Wholesale prices will continue to drop.
C.
Import prices of capital goods will continue to drop in the next two months.
D.
Imported food prices will mostly be stable.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的Reuters survey of economists定位到第五段第一句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，根据路透社对经济学家的调查，周四的有关数据将会显示，低廉的能源成本会使批发价格在10月和11月连续两个月不断回落。本句中明确指出，批发价格会持续回落，因此B)正确。
15
What was the condition of export prices last month?
A.
All export prices have dropped a lot.
B.
Cars also faced a crisis of price reduction.
C.
Prices for industrial supplies went down.
D.
Prices for consumer goods were stable.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的export prices last month定位到文章最后一段第三句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，上个月工业补给和材料价格的下降使出口价格也有所下降。因此可知C)正确。
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