六级翻译段落翻译基础训练第2关

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1 家中度假(staycation)是指一个人或一家人待在家里休息，或者在离家不远的景点游览的一段时光。人们在家中度假的原因很多，如家庭预算紧张、出游成本不断攀升，或者孩子太小。对于大多数中国人来说。节假日期间景区人山人海，高速公路、城市道路拥堵(congestion)，是促使他们家中度假的两大主要原因。常见的家中度假活动包括在家里招待朋友、游览当地的公园和博物馆，或参与当地一些节日活动等。家中度假也可以丰富多彩，它将成为一种新的度假趋势。

参考答案：A staycation refers to a period in which an individual or a family stays at home for relaxing or takes trips to nearby tourist attractions.There are various reasons for people to take a staycation,like tight family budgets,rising travel costs or having very young kids.For the majority of Chinese people,overcrowded tourist sites,congestion on expressways and city roads during holidays are the two major factors contributing to their staycations.Common activities of a staycation include entertaining friends at home,visiting local parks and museums,and attending local festival celebrations.A staycation can be rich and colorful,and it will become a now trend for vacation.
系统解析：
1.第一句话中的主干结构为“家中度假是指...一段时光”，因为定语过长，可将定语处理成which引导的定语从句。
2. “如家庭预算紧张、出游成本不断攀升，或者孩子太小”具体列举人们在家中度假的原因，翻译“紧张”、“攀升"和“太小”时可采用“形容词+名词”的结构，即like tight family budgets, rising travel costs or having very young kids，比较符合英文表达习惯。
3.在“节假日期间景区人山人海，高速公路、城市道路拥堵，是促使他们家中度假的两大主要原因”一句中，“景区人山人海”和“高速公路、城市道路拥堵”都是主谓短语，可理解成“人山人海的景区”和“拥堵的高速公路、城市道路”分别译作overcrowded tourist sites和congestion on expressways and city roads，符合英文中多用名词表达的语言特点。
4.最后一句由两个分句组成，可译为两个并列句，用连接间and连接。

2 长城被称为中国的奇迹，拥有两千多年的历史。从空中俯瞰，它像一条长龙，从西向东蜿蜒前行，总长约6700公里。从春秋战国时期(the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period)起，各诸侯国开始修建城墙以保护边境。秦朝建立以后，秦始皇把这些城墙连接起来，成为长城。然而，当时的长城大都已经在战争中损毁，而现存的长城主要是明朝时修建的。长城最初是为了抵抗来自北方的侵略，如今已成为旅游胜地，吸引了来自世界各地的游客。有句谚语：“不到长城非好汉”，足以见证长城的雄伟壮观(grandeur)。

参考答案：The Great Wall, with a history of more than 2,000 years, was regarded as a wonder of China. From a bird's-eye view, it is just like a dragon winding itself from west to east, stretching for approximately 6,700 kilometers. Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the walls had been put up to defend the borders by the kingdoms. After the founding of Qin Dynasty，Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined together to make "The Great Wall". While most of the walls were ruined in wars, the majority of the Great Wall we see today was mainly built during Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall，originally built to resist the invasion from the North, now has become a well-known place of interest, attracting tourists from all over the world. As a saying goes, "He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man"，which is evidence of its grandeur.
系统解析：
1.第二句中的“从西向东蜿蜓前行，总长约6700公里”，描述的主语都是“它”——长城，故用现在分词短语 winding... stretching...作状语，对长城做进一步说明；“总长”可在stretch for后面直接用数字表示。
2.第三句中的“各诸侯国开始修建城墙以保护边境”可译为主动态the kingdoms had built the walls to defend their borders，也可用the walls作主语，使用被动态来表达。
3.例数第二句中的“长城成为旅游胜地”可翻译为英文句的主干，“吸引了来自各界各地的游客”，用现在分词短语attracting...表伴随状况“最初是为了……”处理为过去分词originally built to...作目的状语。
4.最后一句话中，“有句谚语”可使用as a saying goes这一句型；“足以见……”是对谚语的补充说明，可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句。

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