六级翻译段落翻译基础训练第8关

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1 公益广告(public service advertisement)指为社会公众的利益和社会风尚服务的广告。它不以盈利为目的，属于非商业性广告，是社会公益事业(cause of the public good)的重要组成部分。公益广告的主题一般取材于老百姓的日常生活，如健康、安全和环保等。目的是提高公众的道德意识，改变公众对社会问题的态度。中国最早的公益广告出现在1986年。随后，公益广告的社会影响力逐渐增强。去年,中央电视台举办了首次电视公益广告大赛，呼吁社会各界关注并参与公益事业。

参考答案：Public service advertisement refers to the advertisement that serves the interests of the public; and social fashion. As a significant part of the cause of the public good, it is noncommercial and does not aim at making profit. The themes of public service advertisements generally come from the daily life of ordinary people, such as health, safety and environment protection Its objectives are raising public awareness of ethics and changing public attitudes towards social issues. The earliest public service advertisement in China appeared in 1986. From then on, its social influence heightened gradually. Last year, CCTV hosted China's first public service advertising competition, appealing to people in all walks of life to concern about and participate in the cause of the public good.
系统解析：
1.第一句的主干结构可理解为“公益广告指……广告”，即Public service advertisement refers to the advertisement...。“为社会公众的利益和社会风尚服务的”是“广告”的定语，由于定语较长，可将其处理为that引导的定语从句，修饰“广告”。
2.第二句由三个分句构成，可将“它不以盈利为目的，属于非商业性广吿”处理成主句，即it is a noncommercial and does not aim at making profit。“是社会公益事业的重要组成部分”可采用“as+名词短语” 结构，译作as a significant part of the cause of the public good，置于句首。这样翻译比译为并列句或定语从句更加简洁明了。
3.“目的是提高公众的道德意识，改变公众对社会问题的态度”一句较简单，可直译为Its objective are...。“提高”和“改变”可表达为raising... and changing...也可用不定式来表达to raise... and change...。
4.最后一句可将“中央电视台举办了首次电视公益广告大赛”处理为英文句的主“呼吁……”可采用现在分词appealing to...作伴随状语。

2 转基因食品(Genetically Modified Food;GMF)是利用基因工程技术生产的食品。它具有产量高、营养丰富、抗病力强等优势，但也存在明显的缺陷——可能会造成基因污染(gene contamination)。因此，转基因食品的安全性一直是一个有争议的话题。在中国，政府和科学界支持转基因作物的推广，却持续引发信任危机。鉴于人们对相关农产品的安全担忧，中国政府草拟了新的粮食法，试图对转基因食品进行更严格的管理。该法规定，任何单位和个人不得在主要粮食品种(principal grain cultivars)上应用转基因技术。

参考答案：Genetically Modified Food/GMF refers to food produced by applying the technology of genetic engineering. It has the advantages of high productivity, rich nutrition and strong disease resistance, etc. But its defect is also apparent—it may lead to gene contamination. Thus, the safety of GMF remains a controversial topic. In China, the government and the scientific community support the promotion of genetically modified crops, but touch off a continuous trust crisis. In view of people's concern about the safety of related agricultural produces, the Chinese government has drafted a new grain law，intending to impose a stricter management on GMF. The law requires that no entity and individual should apply genetically modified technology to the principal grain cultivars.
系统解析：
1.第二句比较长，可拆译成两句，前一句说明转基因食品的优势，后一句说它的缺陷。句中含有“但”，表示转折关系，可以使用But来连接两个句子。“产量高、营养丰富、抗病力强”可采用“形容词+名词”结构，译成high productivity, rich nutrition and strong disease resistance。
2.“却持续引发信任危机”这句话中，“引发”在英文里不是持续性动词，不能用continuously来修饰，因此本句可理解为“却引发了持续的信任危机”,译成but touch off a continuous trust crisis。
3.倒数第二句“鉴于人们……更严格的管理”可将“中国政府草拟了新的粮食法”作为句子主干，把“试图对转基因食品进行更严格的管理”处理成现在分词短语作状语，对主语作进一步的补充说明。
4.最后一句可使用宾语从句的结构，译为The law requires that...。“任何单位和个人不得……”翻译时可将“不”字放在前面，修饰“任何单位和个人”，译为no entity and individual should apply...，该译法带有强调意味；也可处理成普通译法 any entity and individual should not apply...。

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