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中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是,姓总是在前,名跟在其后。千百年来,父姓一直世代相传。然而,如今,孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说名有一个或两个汉字,通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人,或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名,因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。
  • 参考答案:The full name of a Han Chinese consists of a family name and a given name. A distinctive feature of the Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by the given name. For thousands of years, Chinese family names have been passed down through the father. Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for a child to adopt the mother’s family name. Generally, a given name is made up of one or two characters, usually carrying the parents’ wishes for their child. It can be inferred from the name what kind of person the parents want their child to be, or what kind of life they expect him or her to lead. Chinese parents attach great importance to the choice of their child’s name, as the name tends to accompany the child for his or her entire life.
  • 系统解析:
    1.第一句中,“中国汉族人的”为定语,修饰主语“全名”,可用of 引出,译为of a Han Chinese。“由 A 和 B 组成”一般译为consist of A and B(主动语态)或be made up of A and B(被动语态)。“全名”有固定的译法the full name。
    2.第二句中的“姓总是在前,名跟在其后”可以处理为that引导的表语从句。
    3.第三句中的“一直”暗示本句用现在完成时。父姓是被人们世代相传,因此应选用被动语态。“世代相传”有多种译法,常见的有be passed down from generation to generation/from one generation the next。
    4.第四句中,“……并不罕见”可保留原有的双重否定,译为it's not common...。“跟……姓”可译为take one's family name/surname。
    5.第五句句首的“一般来说”常用generally speaking来表达,也可更简单地译为 generally,其后用逗号与句子主干隔开。句子主干是两个小分句,可直接译成两个并列分句,用and连接,即each given name includes one or two Chinese characters and it often reflects the parents'expectations of the child。也可像参考译文那样,将第二个分句处理成which引导的非限制性定语从句,对“名”进行进一步说明。
    6.第六句没有主语,需要增译主语we/people 或译成被动语态it can be inferred...。
    7.第七句中,“非常重视给孩子取名”可译为attach great importance/much significance to naming their children。
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