参考答案:Moon cake is a traditional food eaten by the Chinese during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Generally it has a round shape, symbolizing reunion and happiness, which reflects people's aspiration of family reunion. In ancient times, moon cake was made to worship the Luna on the Mid-Autumn festival. Later the tradition of eating moon cakes on that day was formed gradually. Moon cake is generally made by baking. The crust is usually made of flour, in which a certain stuffing is filled. In most cases, the seeds of different plants are chosen as its stuffing, which benefits people's health. With more varieties and flavors today, moon cake is liked by people all over the country. Nowadays it is customary to bring moon cakes to clients or relatives as presents.
系统解析:
1.第一句较长,可将句子分译成两句,将“月饼是中国人在中秋节食用的传统食品”单独译为一句。定语“中国人在中秋节所食用的较长可使用过去分词短语eaten by... during...表达,作后置定语修饰“传统食品”。“一般呈圆形,寓意团圆……美好愿望”中,可将主干处理为“月饼一般呈圆形”,“寓意团圆幸福”可采用现在分词短语作伴随状语的形式,“反映了……”可用which引导的非限制性定语从句来表达。
2.第二句中的“后来逐渐形成了……的传统”可单独译一句,此句中文没有主语,翻译成英语可处理为被动语态,将“中秋吃月饼的传统”the tradition of eating moon cake作为句子的主语。
3.“月饼内馅多选用……有益”中“选用植物的种子”可译为被动语态the seeds of different plants are chosen;“对人们的健康有益”是对前一句的补充说明,可用which引导的非限制性定语从句。
4.“品种更加繁多……人们的喜爱”可译为由and连接的并列句Moon cake has more... and is liked by...。 也可将“品种更加繁多,风味更加丰富”处理为介词短语with more varieties and flavors作状语。
参考答案:Chinese Zodiac refers to twelve animals that stand for each person's birth year. It is a Chinese folk method of calculating age, as well as an ancient chronology. Chinese Zodiac possibly originates from ancient people's worship of animals. There are many legends as to why people chose the twelve animals and arranged them in such an order, but no final conclusion has been reached. Some people associate character and destiny with China Zodiac, which is not scientific. At the beginning of each year China Post publishes Chinese Zodiac stamps. During the Spring Festival, Chinese people also like to stick on the door new year pictures with Chinese Zodiac printed on them.
系统解析:
1.第一句的主干是“生肖是指十二种动物”。“十二种动物”的定语“代表着每个人出生年份”是一个动词结构,翻译时可将之处理为that引导的定语从句,放在中心名词twelve animals后面,这样句子结构更合理,避免头重脚轻。
2.第三句“生肖的产生可能源于古代人对动物的崇拜”中的“产生”和“源于”直接用originate from表达即可,因为originate from本身便含有这两个词的意思。
3.第四句“关于人们为什么选择……”的主干是“有很多传说”,可用there be句型翻译。“关于人们为什么选……这样的顺序排列”这一部分很长,可用介词短语as to表达,作为legends的修饰成分,这样处理让句子更加平衡。
4.第五句的“有些人会把性格和命运跟生肖联系起来”和“这是没有科学依据的”是两个完整的主谓结构,后半句的“这”指代前半句的内容,所以用which引导的非限制性定语从句来表达。“没有科学依据的”不必译为 have no scientific basis,而译为not scientific,更加简练,符合英语表达习惯。