六级翻译段落翻译提高训练第20关

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1 红色是中华儿女最喜爱的颜色,在传统文化中象征着喜庆与祥和。中国人的生活中充满红色主题的装饰，如红色的灯笼、红色的婚礼用品和红色的对联(couplets)等。古人认为红色具有驱逐邪恶的功能，因此中国古代的许多宫殿和寺庙的墙壁都被漆成红色。红色是激情和胜利的颜色，2008年北京奥运会的会徽(emblem)就以红色为主色。红色也被认为是革命的颜色，代表了中国人民在共产党领导下进行的解放战争。因此，中国的国旗也以红色为底色。

参考答案：Red, the favorite color of the Chinese, symbolizes joyousness and harmony in traditional culture. Chinese people's life is filled with decorations whose dominant color is red, such as the red lanterns, red wedding items and red couplets. The ancient people held that red could expel evil spirits, thus the walls of numerous palaces and temples were painted red in ancient China. Red is a color of passion and victory. The emblem of 2008 Beijing Olympics adopted red as its main color. Red is also considered a color of revolution, representing the liberation war of Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Therefore, the national flag of China is red-based.
系统解析：
1.第一句的两个分句主语都是“红色”，在翻译时可将“是中华儿女最喜爱的颜色”处理为插入语，将“红色象征着喜庆和祥和”译为句子主干。
2.“古人认为红色……漆成红色”中“具有驱逐邪恶的功能”，可以直译为had a function of expelling evil spirits，也可以按参考译文译作could be used to expel evil spirits，后者能加强语气，强调其功能。
3.“红色是激情……就以红色为主色”，这句话中的两个分句主语各不同，在翻译时应拆译为两个句子，前一句强调红色代表什么，后一句说明会徽的颜色。“以红色为主色”可用take...as...“将……作为”，也可用动词adopt“采用”。
4.倒数第二句中，可将“红色也被认为是革命的颜色”作为句子主干，对应译为被动语态Red is considered....；“代表了……”可用现在分词短语representing...翻译，用作状语。

2 黄河(the Yellow River)全长约5464公里，是中国的第二长河，仅次于长江(the Yangtze River)。黄河发源于青海省，流经9个省和自治区，最后注入渤海(the Bohai Sea)。黄河流域(basin)是中国古代文明的发祥地，因此黄河被称作中华民族的母亲河、中华文明的摇篮。黄河是生命力的象征，是中国人民的精神家园。千百年来，中国很多文学、艺术作品都与黄河有关。近年来，黄河水资源面临严重危机，如水质恶化和水土流失等。因此，保护黄河流域的生态环境刻不容缓。

参考答案：The Yellow River, with a full length of about 5,464 kilometers, is the second longest river in China, only next to the Yangtze River. Originating in Qinghai Province, the Yellow River runs through nine provinces and autonomous regions and empties into the Bohai Sea. The Yellow River is called the mother river and regarded as the cradle of Chinese civilization for its basin is the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization. It is a symbol of vitality and the spiritual home of Chinese people, so over thousands of years a great number of Chinese literary and artistic works are related to it. In recent years, the water resources of this river are faced with severe crises, such as deteriorating water qualify and loss of soil and water. Therefore it is of great urgency to preserve the ecological environment of the Yellow River basin.
系统解析：
1.第一句话的“全长约5464公里”可以不译成单句the full length is about 5,464 kilometers,而译成介词短语 with a full length of about 5,464 kilometers，这样句子显得更简洁。
2.第二句有三个分句，全部翻译成并列句不够精炼，第一个分句“黄河发源于青海省”可译成originating in Qinghai Province，放句首作状语，另外两个分句译为并列句，这样句子显得更加简洁。
3.第三句“黄河流域是中国古代文明的发祥地……”前后分句存在因果关系，英语通常是先讲结果后讲原因，因而将“黄河被称作中华民族的母亲河、中华文明的摇篮”确定为主句，即The Yellow River is called... and regarded as...翻译“中华文明的摇篮”时增译了 be regarded as,表达出汉语中暗含的意义。然后再译出原因状语从句for/because...。
4.最后一句“保护黄河流域的生态环境刻不容缓”中的“刻不容缓”可以翻译成be of great urgency，也可以译成 admit of no delay。

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