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- 结束作答
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国画作为一种中国的传统艺术，它的悠久历史可以追溯到战国时期(the warring States Period)，那时就出现了画在丝织品上的绘画。国画的工具和材料有毛笔(brush pen)、墨、纸和丝绸等。画的内容以山水、花鸟和人物为主。画面旁常有诗词，诗词往往代表画家的思想，也能突出整幅画的意象和主题。每位国画画家都有自己独特的特点，齐白石善于画虾，徐悲鸿善于画正在奔跑的马。国画体现了国人对自然、社会、哲学、宗教和道德等方面的认识，是中华文化的重要组成部分。
- 参考答案：As a traditional art of China, the history of Chinese painting can date back to the Warring States Period, when paintings on silk fabrics appeared. The tool and material of Chinese painting include the brush pen, ink, paper and silk, etc. and the content of Chinese painting mainly involves landscapes, birds, flowers and human figures. Usually there is one poem alongside the painting, which often expresses the painter's thought and highlights the image and theme of the whole painting. Every painter of Chinese painting has his/her own peculiar traits. Qi Baishi is good at painting shrimps, while Xu Beihong is adept at painting running horses. As an important part of Chinese culture, Chinese painting embodies Chinese people's understanding of nature, society, philosophy, religion, morality, etc.
- 系统解析：
1.“那时就出现了画在丝织品上的绘画”可以处理为when引导的非限制性作定语从句，修饰“战国时期”；出现“逻辑上的主语是在丝织品上的绘画”，所以在译文中，使用on fabrics作when从句的主语。
2.“画面旁常有诗词”表达“某处有某物”的意思，用there be句型符合英语的表达习惯；“诗词往往代表画家的思想，也能突出整幅画的意象和主题”甚对画面上所配的诗词的补充说明，可用which引导的非限制性定语从句来表达。
3.“齐白石善于画虾”和“徐悲鸿善于画正在奔跑的马”含有对比意味，可用while, where as等表对比的连词进行连接。
4.最后一句中的“是中华文化的重要组成部分”用as引导的介词短语来表达，整个句子结构更加清晰，易于理解。
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