四级翻译冲刺训练第4关

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1 传统中医(traditional Chinese medicine)可以不借助任何仪器给病人治病，堪称奇迹。“望”、“闻”、“问”、“切”(pulse taking)为传统中医诊断的四个方法。“望”指通过直接观察病人体表来了解情况。“闻”，就是听声音、闻气味(odour)，病人的发声和气味有助于医生收集诊断信息。“问”为咨询症状及先前的治疗情况。“切”即医生给病人“把脉”从而得知病人体内的变化。

参考答案：It is a wonder that doctors of traditional Chinese medicine could cure patients without any equipment. The four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine consist of observing, listening and smelling, inquiring and pulse taking. Observing indicates that doctors directly watch the outward appearance to find out a patient's condition. Listening and smelling refers to listening to the sound and smelling the odour of the patient, which is helpful for doctors to collect messages to diagnose. Inquiring suggests that doctors question the patient so as to know the symptoms and previous treatments. Pulse taking refers that doctors measure the pulse condition of patients to know their internal change.
系统解析：
1.第1句句末的“堪称奇迹”，是对句子主干内容的补充说明，故可处理成非限制性定语从句which is a wonder，置于句末；也可将其处理成It is a wonder that..句型，将原文的主句部分处理成that引导的同位语从句。
2.第2句中的“望”、“闻”、“问”是翻译的难点，考生不能只看其字面义就译成seeing, smelling和asking，而需根据下文给出的具体定义来翻译。由下文可知，“望”实际是指观察病人，故可译为observing；“闻”包括“听”和“闻”两方面，故译为listening and smelling；“问”指咨询、询问病人，故译为inquiring。
3.最后四句对“望”、“闻”、“问”、“切”分别进行了解释，如果逐句对译为observing is...,listening and smelling is...,inquiring is...,pulse taking is...，则重复使用了is，显单调。译文采用了三个不同的谓语动词indicate, refer to, suggest，行文更生动。
4.第4句有两个分句，其中后一个分句“病人的发声和气味有助于医生收集诊断信息”是对前面分句内容的补充说明，故将其处理成which引导的非限制性定语从句。

2 《白蛇传》(Legend of the White Snake)是中国古代广为流传的民间故事之一。传说一条名叫“白素贞” 的白蛇来到凡间与许仙结为夫妻。然而，他们的婚姻遭到法海和尚(Buddhist monk)的反对，因为法海认为人妖(evil spirit)不能结合。于是，法海将白素贞压在雷峰塔(pagoda)底。多年后，白素贞的儿子中了状元 (Zhuangyuan title)，来到雷峰塔前跪拜母亲。这一切感动了天神，令雷峰塔倒塌，白素贞出塔，一家人终得以团聚。

参考答案："Legend of the White Snake" is one of the folk tales widely circulated in ancient China. The tale goes that a white snake named Bai Suzhen came to the human world and married Xu Xian. Unfortunately, their marriage was opposed by a Buddhist monk named Fahai, who believed that the marriage between human and evil spirit could not be allowed. He then kept Bai Suzhen under the Leifeng Pagoda. Many years later, after gaining a Zhuangyuan title (the first place in the imperial examination), Bai Suzhen's son knelt down in front of the Leifeng Pagoda. God was moved by his action and collapsed the pagoda from which Bai Suzhen is freed. Finally，Bai Suzhen reunited with her husband and son.
系统解析：
1.第1句中的定语“中国古代广为流传的”较长，故将其处理成后置定语，用分词短语widely circulated in ancient China 来表达。
2.汉语中的故事开头“传说……”常表达为The tale goes that...。
3.第3句中的“然而”译为unfortunately，带有同情弱者的感情色彩，使故事的论述语气一脉相承，比直译为 however更生动传神。仔细分析“……遭到法海和尚的反对，因为法海认为……”后发现，两个分句都是论述法海，故用关系代词who引导定语从句来表示后一个分句，译作who believed that…，这样使句子结构更紧凑和自然。
4.最后一句中的“（什么）感动了（谁）”译成英文时常用被动语序“（谁）be moved by（什么）”，故“这一切感动了天神”译为God was moved by his action。“雷峰塔倒”和“白素贞出塔”关联性较强，可用“塔”将两个分句连接起来，译作...collapsed the pagoda from which Bai Suzhen is freed，比直译为the pagoda collapsed and Bai Suzhen was freed out of the pagoda 来得精彩。

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