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Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money, research has shown.
Penny-pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such as Aldi and Lidl rather than luxury alternatives.
This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the UK. It has shrunk from 1.19 billion pounds in 2011 to 1.12 billion pounds in 2015, according to a new report from market research company Mintel. Furthermore, the future of the market looks far from rosy, with sales expected to fall further to 1.11 billion pounds in 2016.
In the last year alone, despite an increase in the UK population and a subsequent rise in the number of households, sales of toilet paper fell by 2%, with the average household reducing their toilet roll spending from 43 pounds in 2014 to 41 pounds in 2015.
Overall, almost three in five people say they try to limit their usage of paper—including facial tissue and kitchen roll—to save money. "Strength, softness and thickness remain the leading indicators of toilet paper quality, with just a small proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such as those with flower patterns or perfume," said Mintel analyst Jack Duckett. "These extra features are deemed unnecessary by the majority of shoppers, which probably reflects how these types of products are typically more expensive than regular toilet paper, even when on special offer."
While consumers are spending less on toilet paper, they remain fussy—in theory at least—when it comes to paper quality. Top of Britons' toilet paper wish list is softness (57%) followed by strength (45%) and thickness (36%).
One in 10 buyers rank toilet rolls made from recycled paper among their top considerations, highlighting how overall the environment is much less of a consideration for shoppers than product quality. In a challenge for manufacturers, 81% of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper.
1
The market sales of toilet paper have decreased because ______.
A.
Britons have cut their spending on it.
B.
its prices have gone up over the years.
C.
its quality has seen marked improvement.
D.
Britons have developed the habit of saving.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的market sales和decreased定位到第三段第一句。推理判断题。定位句指出，这已经使英国软厕纸的市值下跌了6%。句首的This就是原因。由前两段可知，This指的是英国的消费者在厕纸上的花费减少，故答案为A。
2
What does the author think of the future of the tissue paper market in the UK?
A.
It will expand in time.
B.
It will remain gloomy.
C.
It will experience ups and downs.
D.
It will recover as population grows.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的the future of the tissue paper market定位到第三段末句。细节辨认题。定位句指出，厕纸市场的未来也非常不乐观，预计2016年的销售额会跌至11.1亿英镑。选项B中的gloomy一词和定位句中的far from rosy同义，故答案为B。
3
What does Jack Duckett say about toilet paper?
A.
Special offers would promote its sales.
B.
Consumers are loyal to certain brands.
C.
Luxurious features add much to the price.
D.
Consumers have a variety to choose from.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的Jack Duckett定位到第五段最后两句。推理判断题。由第五段最后一句可知，杰克·达克特说奢侈厕纸额外的特点对于大部分消费者而言是没有必要的，这也许反映了为何此类产品通常要比普通厕纸更加昂贵的原因。也就是说，这些奢侈的特点推高了厕纸的价格，故答案为C。
4
What do we learn about Britons concerning toilet paper?
A.
They are particular about the quality of toilet paper.
B.
They emphasize the strength of toilet paper the most.
C.
They prefer cheap toilet paper to recycled toilet paper.
D.
They reject using toilet paper with unnecessary features.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的Britons和toilet paper定位到第六段。细节辨认题。定位段首句指出，尽管消费者在厕纸上的花费越来越少，他们仍然对纸的质量很挑剔。该句中的fussy意为“挑剔的”，A选项中的particular和fussy为同义词，故答案为A。
5
What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.
More and more Britons buy recycled toilet paper to protect the environment.
B.
Toilet paper manufacturers are facing a great challenge in promoting its sales.
C.
Toilet paper manufacturers compete with one another to improve product quality.
D.
Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet paper.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的the last paragraph定位到最后一段。推理判断题。定位段第一句指出，十分之一的消费者将回收用纸制造的厕纸作为首选，突出地体现出对于他们而言，对环保方面的考虑普遍远不及产品质量。故答案为D。
"One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.
By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.
In her study, participants were randomly （随机地）assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine （尼古丁）patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.
Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.
And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they'd rather cut down gradually before quitting. "If you're training for a marathon, you wouldn't expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, 'Well, if I gradually reduce, it's like practice,'" says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn't the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings （瘾）and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that Point. "Regardless of your stated preference, if you're ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective," says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. "When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that's compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it," Ferreira says.
People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.
6
What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?
A.
She quit smoking with her daughter's help.
B.
She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.
C.
She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.
D.
She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的her mother定位到文章第二段。细节辨认题。定位段指出，林森—霍利通过研究700名成年吸烟者发现，她母亲用正确的方式戒了烟——戒得很突然，很彻底。故答案为B。
7
What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley's study?
A.
They were given physical training.
B.
They were looked after by physicians.
C.
They were encouraged by psychologists.
D.
They were offered nicotine replacements.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的support，quit和in Lindson-Hawley's study 定位到第三段第四句。推理判断题。定位句指出，两组人员在戒烟前都会使用尼古丁贴片，作为诸如口香糖或是喷剂的尼古丁替代品的补充。故答案为D。
8
How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley's experiment?
A.
It is idealized.
B.
It is unexpected.
C.
It is encouraging.
D.
It is misleading.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的Dr. Gabriela Ferreira定位到第五段最后三句。推理判断题。由定位句可知，费雷拉认为，当你指出已经有五分之一的戒烟者成功了，这是很令人信服的，这会给他们勇气真正去尝试。故答案为C。
9
The idea of "a marathon" (Line 2，Para. 5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking _____.
A.
is something few can accomplish
B.
needs some practice first
C.
requires a lot of patience
D.
is a challenge at the beginning
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的marathon定位到第五段的第二、三句。语义理解题。定位句指出，如果你在训练跑马拉松，你不会期望，只要一参加就可以跑下来。人们看待吸烟也是如此，认为就像训练一样逐渐减少吸烟。可见，在人们的意识中，戒烟和马拉松一样，起初需要一定的训练，然后循序渐进，故答案为B。
10
What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually?
A.
They find it even more difficult.
B.
They are simply unable to make it.
C.
They show fewer withdrawal symptoms.
D.
They feel much less pain in the process.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的quit smoking gradually定位到文章第五段倒数第三句。推理判断题。定位句指出，不管你表示出怎样的偏好，如果你已经准备好戒烟了，突然地断掉会更加有效。该句中提到的偏好，指的就是研究中的两种方法，一是突然戒烟，二是慢慢戒烟。该句指出，突然断掉更有效，言外之意就是慢慢戒烟更无效、更困难，故答案为A。
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