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Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to call such a thing a "disease."
On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency.
Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.
"It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的.industry so that they can begin treating the disease and not just the side effects," he said.
"Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can't control," he said. "In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range."
But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, "It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matters is understanding that aging is curable."
"It was always known that the body accumulates damage," he added. "The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions."
Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them.
"There're many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart disease. But they continue to age, because aging is separate from their disease," Hayflick said. "Even if those causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years."
1
What do people generally believe about aging?
A.It should cause no alarm whatsoever.
B.They just cannot do anything about it.
C.It should be regarded as a kind of disease.
D.They can delay it with advances in science.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的generally believe about aging定位到第一段第一句:Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of life. 推理判断题。文章开篇指出,衰老发生在我们所有人身上,通常被认为是生命的自然组成部分。既然是生命的自然组成部分,也就是说衰老无法改变,人们无计可施。由此可推断,人们通常认为他们对衰老无能为力,故答案为B。
2
How do many scientists view aging now?
A.It might be prevented and treated.
B.It can be as risky as heart disease.
C.It results from a vitamin deficiency.
D.It is an irreversible biological process.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的scientists定位到第二段:On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things...aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency.事实细节题。文章第二段提到,另一方面,科学家越来越认识到衰老和生物学年龄是两码事,前者是诸如心脏病、癌症等多种疾病的主要风险因素。这样看来,衰老本身或许可以看作是能治疗的,就像治疗高血压或维生素缺乏一样。由此可见,现在有许多科学家认为衰老可能被预防和治疗,故答案为A。
3
What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of "describing aging as a disease"?
A.It will prompt people to take aging more seriously.
B.It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.
C.It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging.
D.It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的Alex Zhavoronkov和describing aging as a disease定位到第三段:Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.语义理解题。文章第三段指出,生物物理学家亚历克斯·扎沃洛科夫认为衰老应该被视为一种疾病。他说将衰老描述为一种疾病会促使人们研发治疗方法。换句话说,它将促使医生和药剂师找到治疗衰老的方法,故答案为D。
4
What do we learn about the medical community?
A.They now have a strong interest in research on aging.
B.They differ from the academic circles in their view on aging.
C.They can contribute to people's health only to a limited extent.
D.They have ways to intervene in people's aging process.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的medical community定位到第五段最后一句:The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.推理判断题。第五段最后一句提到,医学界也认为衰老是理所当然的,除了让人们保持在一定的健康范围内之外,他们对此无能为力。由此可见,他们只能在有限的程度上促进人们的健康,故答案为C。
5
What does professor Leonard Hayflick believe?
A.The human lifespan cannot be prolonged.
B.Aging is hardly separable from disease.
C.Few people live up to the age of 92.
D.Heart disease is the major cause of aging.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的 Professor Leonard Hayflick定位到第八段:Leonard Hayflick,a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them. 观点态度题。第八段提到,旧金山加利福尼亚大学的伦纳德·海弗里克教授说,衰老可以被治愈这一想法意味着人类的寿命可以延长,一些研究人员认为这是可能的。但海弗里克并不这么认为。由此可见,伦纳德·海弗里克教授认为人的寿命不能被延长。A项中的be prolonged是对原文中be increased的同义转述,故为答案。
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