仔细阅读历年真题第26关

1 How could California’s drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?: A.By building more reserves of groundwater.
B.By drawing water from the depths of the earth.
C.By developing more advanced drilling devices.
D.By upgrading its water distribution system.

参考答案：B
系统解析：
由题干中的 California's drought crisis 和 some researchers 定位到首段第三句：New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought oisis.

事实细节题。文章首段第三句指出，新的研究已经发现了该州的深层地下水储备，这可以帮助他们解决干旱危机的问题。由此可见，从地下深处取水是解决加利福尼亚州干旱危机的一个办法，故答案为 B。

2 What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?: A.It was deemed vital to solving the water problem.
B.It was not considered worth the expense.
C.It may not provide quality freshwater.
D.It is bound to gain support from the local people.

参考答案：B
系统解析：
由题干中的 extracting water from deep aquifers 定位到第二段第一、二句：It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3 000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns.

推理判断题。文章第二段第一句提到，直到最近，在加利福尼亚州从这个深度以下抽取地下水才变得有利可图。第二句又提到，从地下一千英尺到三千英尺的蓄水层抽水的成本是还有其他一些担忧。由此可知，从深层地下蓄水层抽水在之前不被认为是物超所值的，故答案为 B。

3 What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?: A.The sinking of land surface. C. The damage to aquifers.
B.The harm to the ecosystem. D.
C.The damage to aquifers.
D.B. The harm to the ecosystem.
E.The change of the climate.

参考答案：A
系统解析：
由题干中的 a consequence of extracting water from deep underground 定位到第二段第三、四句：The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep is the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of th earth above.

事实细节题。文章第二段第三、四句指出，从这一深度抽水的最大担忧就是地表的逐渐下层。随着地下水被抽走，地下所剩的空间会被上层土壤的重量所挤压。由此可见，地下水被抽走所引发的后果就是地表下沉，故答案为 A。

4 What does the author say about deep wells?: A.They run without any need for repairs.
B.They are entirely free from pollutants.
C.They are the ultimate solution to droughts.
D.They provide a steady supply of freshwater.

参考答案：D
系统解析：
由题干中的 deep wells 定位到第三段最后一句：Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.

推理判断题。第三段最后一句提到，地下井是淡水更为可靠的来源，而加利福尼亚州正期望这些深层地下井可以解决他们严重的淡水短缺问题。由此可见，深层地下井可以提供稳定的淡水资源，故答案为 D。

5 What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?: A.People’s health may improve with cleaner water.
B.People’s water bills may be lowered considerably.
C.The cost may go up due to desalination.
D.They may be exhausted sooner or later.

参考答案：C
系统解析：
由题干中的 when deep aquifers are used as water sources定位到最后一段第一、二句：One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost.

推理判断题。最后一段前两句指岀，这些来源存在的一个问题就是深层地下水也比浅一些的地下蓄水层的水含盐浓度要高。这就意味着从一些井里抽取上来的水甚至需要经过脱盐，从而会增加成本。由此可见，一旦这些地下水作为淡水资源，可能会岀现高盐度的情况，那么就要进行脱盐，势必会增加成本，故答案为 C。