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第35关
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The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential, it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping where you hand over notes and count out change in return now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters, like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk, from a corner shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance you don’t go and stand at any kind of cash register, when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with ipads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.
Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I'm just old-fashioned. But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us. Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink（眨眼）of an eye? Doesn’t a wallet—that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness—represent something that matters?
But I’ll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as a pebble（鹅卵石）. Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.
1
What is happening to the wallet?
A.
It is disappearing.
B.
It is being fattened.
C.
It is becoming costly.
D.
It is changing in style.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的happening to the wallet定位 到首段第一句。细节辨认题。首段开篇点明，钱包正在走 向灭绝。因此，A）“它正在消失”符合文义，故答案为A。文章第二段末句提到了fatness，作者在此描述了历来钱包里厚厚的一沓钱所带来的美好感 觉，而非钱包的现状，故排除B）；文章指出，钱包正在走向灭绝，即使用的人越来越少，由此可知，钱包的价格应随着销售量减少而降低，不大可能变得昂贵，文中也未提及钱包是否变得昂贵，故排除C）；文中未提及钱包的风格是否发生改变，故排除D。
2
How are business transactions done in big modern stores?
A.
Individually.
B.
Electronically.
C.
In the abstract.
D.
Via cash register.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的in big modern stores定位到 首段最后两句。细节辨认题。定位句指出，在高端的维多利亚·贝克汉姆商店里，人们不需要站在收银台钱包付款，在沙发上休息时用电子设备即可付款。文中未提及商品交易是否单独完成，故排除A）； C）是根据首段第四句中money is increasingly abstracted设置的干扰项，这里是说钱变得越来越抽象，而不是商业交易的方式变得抽象，故排除C）；定位句提到，当你决定付钱的时候，不需要站在任何收银台前，即不需要使用收银 机，故排除D）。
3
What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?
A.
Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.
B.
The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.
C.
Earning money is getting more difficult.
D.
Spending money is so fast and easy.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的uncomfortable定位到第二段第二至五句。细节辨认题。第二段介绍作者的看法。定位句指出，现金概念的抽象化使作者感到不安。究其原因是作者认为挣钱不容易，而花钱却在一眨眼的瞬间。D）“花钱如此快速轻松”符合文义， 故答案为D。
4
Why does the author choose to write about what’s happening to the wallet?
A.
It represents a change in the modern world.
B.
It has something to do with everybody’s life.
C.
It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.
D.
It is the concern of contemporary economists.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的Why和what's happening to the wallet定位到第三段第二句。细节辨认题。what's happening to the wallet指的是钱包正在走向灭绝这一趋势。定位句提到，钱包的消失给作者带来的困扰是关于它所代表的在客观环境中发生的改变。因此，A）“它代表现代世界的变化”符合文义，故答案为A。
5
What can we infer from the passage about the author?
A.
He is resistant to social changes.
B.
He is against technological progress.
C.
He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.
D.
He feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的infer from the passage定位到 整篇文章。推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了随着科技的发展，钱包逐渐消失的问题。文章最后一句指出，如果你还有钱包的话就展示出来吧。它也许不会长存于世了。这表达了作者不愿意舍弃传统钱包，因此答案为C。
It’s late in the evening: time to close the book and turn off the computer. You’re done for the day. What you may not realize, however, is that the learning process actually continues—in your dreams.
It might sound like science fiction, but researchers are increasingly focusing on the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the day and the fragmented, often bizarre imaginings they generate at night. Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned is associated with improved performance in that activity (suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular notion that we’re “getting” a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it). What’s more, researchers are coming to recognize that dreaming is an essential part of understanding, organizing and retaining what we learn.
While we sleep, research indicates, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural（神经的）virtual reality. A vivid example of such replay can be seen in a video researchers made recently about sleep disorders. They taught a series of dance moves to a group of patients with conditions like sleepwalking, in which the sleeper engages in the kind physical movement that does not normally occur during sleep. They then videotaped the subjects as they slept, Lying in bed, eyes closed, one female patient on the tape performs the dance moves she learned earlier.
This shows that while our bodies are at rest, our brains are drawing what’s important from the information and events we’ve recently encountered, then integrating that data into the vast store of what we already know. In a 2010 study, researchers at Harvard Medical School reported that college students who dreamed about a computer maze（迷宫）task they had learned showed a 10-fold improvement in their ability to find their way through the maze compared with participants who did not dream about the task.
Robert Stickgold, one of the Harvard researchers, suggests that studying right before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might increase the odds of dreaming about the material. Think about that as your head hits the pillow tonight.
6
What is scientists’ finding about dreaming?
A.
It involves disconnected weird images.
B.
It resembles fragments of science fiction.
C.
Dreaming about a learned task betters its performance.
D.
Dreaming about things being learned disturbs one’s sleep.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的scientists' finding about dreaming定位到第二段第二句。细节辨认题。定位句提到，科学家们发现，梦到我们已经学过的一项任务与在该活动中的表 现有所提高有关。由此可知，梦到一项学过的任务会改善它的表现，故答案为C。
7
What happens when one enters a dream state?
A.
The body continues to act as if the sleeper were awake.
B.
The neural activity of the brain will become intensified.
C.
The brain behaves as if it were playing a virtual reality video game.
D.
The brain once again experiences the learning activities of the day.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的a dream state定位到第三段第一句。细节辨认题。定位句提到，当我们进入睡眠，大脑回放它在我们清醒吋所经历的活动的模式，使我们进入一种某位心理学家称为神经虚拟现实的状态。由此可知，当我们睡着后，大脑会再一次体验白天的学习活动，故答案为D。
8
What does the brain do while we are sleeping?
A.
It systematizes all the data collected during the day.
B.
It substitutes old information with new data.
C.
It processes and absorbs newly acquired data.
D.
It classified information and places it in different files.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的brain和sleeping以及选项定位到第四段第一句。推理判断题。定位句提到，当我们的身体处于休息状态，我们的大脑会从我们最近接触到的信息和事件中提取重要信息，然后将这些信息整合到我们已知的大量信息中。提取、整合信 息的过程也就是处理、吸收信息的过程。由此可推断，在睡眠状态下，大脑处理和吸收新获得的信息，故答案为C。
9
What does Robert Stickgold suggest about enhancing learning?
A.
Having a little sleep after studying in the day.
B.
Staying up late before going to bed.
C.
Having a dream about anything.
D.
Thinking about the odds of dreaming about the material.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的Robert Stickgold和suggett 定位到文章最后一段第一句。细节辨认题。定位句指出，罗伯特-斯蒂克戈尔德建议，在睡觉前学习或者在下午学习后小睡一会儿，可能会增加梦到这些材料的可能性。由此可知，白天学习后小睡一会儿可能会增加梦到学习材料的可能性，进而提高学习能力，故A为答案。
10
What can be inferred about dreaming from the passage?
A.
We may enhance our learning through dreaming.
B.
Dreaming improves your language ability.
C.
All sleepwalkers perform dance moves when they are sleeping.
D.
Taking a nap after learning can help you find the way through the maze.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
本题需要统览整篇文章得出答案。推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了几个与做梦相关的实验研究，指出做梦可能使人们提高学习能力，故答案为A。
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