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Moving far more quickly than many had thought likely or possible, lawmakers in the 10-member House-Senate committee announced the agreement after less than 24 hours of negotiations. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid: “Like any negotiation, this involved give and take, and if you don’t mind my saying so that is an understatement."
The agreement drops the total to $789 billion, while both Senate and House-passed measures exceeded $800 billion. A combination of low and middle income tax cuts, making up about 35 percent of the bill, and domestic spending, its supporters say it meets President Barack Obama’s goal of creating or saving as many as 4 million jobs.
Susan Collins of Maine was among only 3 moderate Senate Republicans who joined the Democratic majority there. She says money trimmed from the bill reflects an effort to focus it more sharply to help the economy. “It is a fiscally-responsible number that reflects our efforts to truly focus this bill on programs, and policies and tax relief that will help turn our economy around, create jobs and provide relief to the families of our country,” she said. Collins also pointed out the agreement increases spending on infrastructure projects, more than $150 billion in the proposed measure.
Republican opponents kept up their criticisms, primarily that the measure contains untargeted spending and not the right level of tax relief. House Republican leader John Boehner voiced disappointment with the agreement, repeating his assertion that the measure will not create jobs quickly enough. “It appears that they have made a bad bill worse by reducing the amount of tax relief for American families and small businesses, and adding more wasteful Washington pending,” he said.
But Senator Arlen Specter, another moderate Republican who worked with Democrats, said action was required. “This is obviously a very difficult vote in view of the large deficit and national debt which we have, but I believe it is indispensable, that strong action be taken,” he said
White House aides, including Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel, joined in the negotiations on Capitol Hill Lawmakers behind the agreement hope a final conference report will be ready in the next 2 days that the House and Senate will vote on. Approval would send the legislation to President Obama for signature.
An eventual Senate vote is expected to mirror earlier results in which majority Democrats, with help from the 3 Republicans, achieved the 60 votes needed to overcome any procedural block. It remains to be seen how a vote will turn out in the House, where no Republicans supported a Housepassed measure, but where Democrats hold a strong enough majority to pass measures easily. House Republican leaders declined to predict Wednesday how many in their party might support final legislation.
1
“The agreement" (Line 2，Para. 1)is most probably a bill about _____.
A.
stimulus for the economy
B.
reform of the legal system
C.
funding for the educational system
D.
expenditure on the national defence
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
本文多处提及与“经济”有关的词，如第2段中的income tax cuts, domestic spending,第3段的help the economy, turn our economy around, create jobs 等，从这些词语可推断本文开头提到的agreement 应该与经济政策有关，因此选A。
2
Which of the following statements about Harry Reid is TRUE?
A.
He comes from the Republic Party.
B.
He comes from the Democratic Party.
C.
He is optimistic about the future economy.
D.
He is pessimistic about the future economy.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
第1段末句提到Harry Reid是参议院多数党领袖，而从第3段首句中的the Democratic majority可知参议院的多数派是民主党，由此可见B正确。C和D没有原文依据。
3
Susan Collins accepted the agreement with _____.
A.
mild reservations
B.
reluctant compromise
C.
firm confidence
D.
reasonable skepticism
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
第3段讲到，Susan Collins相信实施这个计划后，美国的经济会回暖，会创造更多的就业机会减轻大部分家庭的经济压力。由此可推断C正确。A、B、D三个选项都表示对经济刺激计划持一定程度的怀疑，这与原文内容不符，故排除。
4
Arlen Specter most probably thought that ____.
A.
some senators would become undetermined in the process of voting
B.
the economic problems should be solved immediately
C.
deficit and national debt shouldn't have been neglected
D.
the measures in the agreement would not be as effective as expected
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
第5段提到了 Arlen Specter认为“必须采取行动”，再结合上下文可知他认为必须立刻采取行动解决经济问题，因此选B。Specter 虽提及a very difficult vote,但原文并没有指出这是因为参议院在投票时犹豫不决，因此A不正确；文中虽出现了 deficit和national debt这些字眼，但Specter没提及不能忽视这些，故排除C；D文中没有提及。
5
It can be inferred about the House from the passage that _____.
A.
it is led by a Republican leader
B.
most Republicans are moderate
C.
measures proposed by the Republicans are seldom passed
D.
measures can be passed without the Republicans’ support
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
最后一段第2句讲到，众议烷的投票结果如何还不明朗，众议院里没有共和党人支持众议院通过的经济刺激方案，在众议院中，民主党人占的席位足够多，足以轻易通过法案，D为本题答案。
Age has its privileges in America, and one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age—in some cases as low as 55—is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.
People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them; yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的).Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous (同义的). Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor. But most of them aren't.
It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are 21 stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.
Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old Employment is another sore point Buoyed (支持)by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job—thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.
Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don't need them.
It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment; and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against—discrimination by age.
6
We learn from the first paragraph that _____.
A.
offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practice
B.
senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent life
C.
giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderly
D.
senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
第1段首句讲到，美国的年龄特权较为突出的表现就是老年人可以享受折扣。末句又说老年人享有折扣成为许多商家的常规，A为本题答案。该段第3句谈及享有折扣的资格是根据出生证上的日期而定，并未说享受折扣时要出示出生证，D错误。B中的live a decent life和C中的have boosted the market无原文依据。
7
What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?
A.
Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.
B.
Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.
C.
The elderly, being financially underprivileged, need humane help from society.
D.
Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
第2段第3句讲到，这个做法之所以被接受是因为人们普遍认为“年老的”和“贫穷的”是同义的，也就是说因为老年人在经济方面处于弱势地位，需要社会的帮助，由此得出答案为C。
8
According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will _____.
A.
make old people even more dependent on society
B.
intensify conflicts between the young and the old
C.
have adverse financial impact on business companies
D.
bring a marked increase in the companies’ revenues
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
第3段末句讲到，和某些政客和学者所阐述的那样，老年人的折扣特权引起了代与代之间的冲突，即会让老年人和年轻人之间的关系变得紧张，B为本题答案。
9
How does the author view the Social Security system?
A.
It encourages elderly people to retire in time.
B.
It opens up broad career prospects for young people.
C.
It benefits the old at the expense of the young.
D.
Ft should be reinforced by laws and court decisions.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
第4段讲到，关于社会保障救济金的辩论更加激化了代与代之间的紧张关系，这种社会保障救济主要是把年轻人的资源转给老年人，而老年人拒绝退休则减少了一些年轻人就业和升职的机会。可见，作者认为这种保障体系是以牺牲年轻人为代价而让老年人受益，C为本题答案。
10
Which of the following best summarizes the author's main argument?
A.
Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.
B.
The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.
C.
Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.
D.
Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
全文围绕“美国老年人享有折扣”展开了论述，谈及此政策所引起的代际冲突，最后表明作者的立场：认为老年人需要更多优先权的观念已不合时宜，老年人享有折扣本质上是年龄歧视。D为本题答案。
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