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Any veteran nicotine addict will testify that fancy packaging plays no role in the decision to keep smoking. So, it is argued, stripping cartons of their branding will trigger no mass movement to quit.
But that isn't why the government--under pressure from cancer charities, health workers and the Labour party--has agreed to legislate for standardised packaging. The theory is that smoking should be stripped of any appeal to discourage new generations from starting in the first place. Plain packaging would be another step in the reclassification of cigarettes from inviting consumer products to narcotics (麻醉剂).
Naturally, the tobacco industry is violently opposed. No business likes to admit that it sells addictive poison as a lifestyle choice. That is why government has historically intervened, banning advertising, imposing health warnings and punitive ( 惩罚性的) duties. This approach has led over time to a fall in smoking with numbers having roughly halved since the 1970s. Evidence from Australia suggests plain packaging pushes society further along that road. Since tobacco is one of the biggest causes of premature death in the UK, a measure that tames the habit even by a fraction is worth trying.
So why has it taken so long? The Department of Health declared its intention to consider the move in November 2010 and consulted through 2012. But the plan was suspended in July 2013. It did not escape notice that a lobbying firm set up by Lynton Crosby, David Cameron's election campaign director, had previously acted for Philip Morris International. (The prime minister denied there was a connection between his new adviser's outside interests and the change in legislative programme.) In November 2013, after an unnecessary round of additional consultation, health minister Jane Ellison said the government was minded to proceed after all. Now we are told Members of Parliament (MPs) will have a free vote before parliament is dissolved in March.
Parliament has in fact already authorised the government to tame the tobacco trade. MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of Labour amendments to the children and families bill last February that included the power to regulate for plain packaging. With sufficient will in Downing Street this would have been done already. But strength of will is the missing ingredient where Mr. Cameron and public health are concerned. His attitude to state intervention has looked confused ever since his bizarre 2006 lament (叹惜) that chocolate oranges placed seductively at supermarket checkouts fueled obesity.
The government has moved reluctantly into a sensible public health policy, but with such obvious over-cautiousness that any political credit due belongs to the opposition. Without sustained external pressure it seems certain Mr. Cameron would still be hooked on the interests of big tobacco companies.
1
What do chain smokers think of cigarette packaging?
A.Fancy packaging can help to engage new smokers.
B.It has little to do with the quality or taste of cigarettes.
C.Plain packaging discourages non-smokers from taking up smoking.
D.It has little impact on their decision whether or not to quit smoking.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    第一步,找定位词,chain smokers, cigarette packing。第二步,回原文定位。定位到第一段第一句“任何老烟枪都会证明花哨的包装对于决定是否继续吸烟不会造成影响。”第三步:看选项。A.美丽的包装可以吸引新的吸烟者。与原文“不会造成影响”相反,故错误。B.它和烟的质量有关。没提到烟的质量,故错误。C.普通包装阻止不吸烟的人吸烟。答案句没提到,故错误。D.对吸烟者决定是否放弃吸烟没有影响。与答案句一致,故正确。
2
What has the UK government agreed to do concerning tobacco packaging?
A.Pass a law to standardise cigarette packaging.
B.Rid cigarette cartons of all advertisements.
C.Subsidise companies to adopt plain packaging.
D.Reclassify cigarettes according to packaging.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    第一步,找定位词,UK government, tobacco packing。第二步,回原文定位。定位到第二段第一句,“但这并不是政府-在癌症慈善机构、卫生工作者和工党的压力之下-同意对标准化的包装进行立法的原因。”第三步:看选项。A.通过一个法律去规范化烟的包装。与原文“同意对标准化的包装进行立法”一致,故正确。B.去掉纸烟的所有广告。没提到广告,错误。C.补贴公司采取普通包装,错误。D.根据包装对烟重新分类。错误。
3
What has happened in Australia where plain packaging is implemented?
A.Premature death rates resulting from smoking have declined.
B.The number of smokers has dropped more sharply than in the UK.
C.The sales of tobacco substitutes have increased considerably.
D.Cigarette sales have been falling far more quickly than in the UK.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    第一步,找定位词,Australia, plain packaging。第二步,回原文定位。定位到第三段第5句话,“来自澳大利亚的证据表明,普通包装促使澳大利亚的吸烟人数进一步下降。”第三步:看选项。A.由烟导致的早死率下降了。B.吸烟者的数量比英国的(吸烟者的数量)下降快很多。正确C.烟替代品的销售已经大量增长。没提烟的替代品。D.烟的销售量比英国的下降快很多。不是烟的销售量,故错误。
4
Why has it taken so long for the UK government to consider plain packaging?
A.Prime Minister Cameron has been reluctant to take action.
B.There is strong opposition from veteran nicotine addicts.
C.Many Members of Parliament are addicted to smoking.
D.Pressure from tobacco manufacturers remains strong.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    第一步,找定位词,so long, UK government, plain packaging。第二步,回原文定位。定位到第四段第1、2、3句。“那么,采用普通包装为什么花费了如此长的时间呢?卫生部在2010年11月宣布计划考虑这个举措并在整个2012年期间一直协商。但该计划于2013年7月被搁置。人们注意到由戴维·卡梅伦的竞选主管林顿·克罗斯比创立的一家游说公司以前为菲利普·莫里斯国际公司游说过。”第三步:看选项。A.Cameron首相不愿意采取行动。与“被搁置”一致,故正确。B.遭到来自深度尼古丁成瘾者电强烈反对。错误。C.许多国会成员沉迷于吸烟。错误。D.来自烟制造商的压力还是很强烈。错误。
5
What did Cameron say about chocolate oranges at supermarket checkouts?
A.They fueled a lot of controversy.
B.They attracted a lot of smokers.
C.They made more British people obese.
D.They had certain ingredients missing.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    第一步,找定位词,Cameron, chocolate oranges, supermarket checkouts。第二步,回原文定位。定位到倒数第二段的最后一句,“他在2006年奇怪地叹息道,极具诱惑性地摆放在超市收银台上的橘子形状的巧克力加剧了肥胖,自那以后,他对国家干预的态度看起来难以辨认。”第三步:看选项。A.他们引起了很多反对。不是反对,故错误。B.他们吸引了很多吸烟者。还没提到吸烟者,故错误。C.他们让更多英国人沉迷。与原文“加剧了肥胖”一致,故正确。D.他们缺失了特定的成分。错误。
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