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The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.
Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent's most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity （盐分）is hampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foe against the other.
The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner "Project Neurice" are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes.
"The project has two sides," says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona,"the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency. "
Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Technologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water 叫（水族馆）,but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail's presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. "The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when. "
Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they've bred. In 2018,farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe's other two main rice-growing regions-along the Po in Italy, and France's Rhone. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.
As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome （基因组）.
1
Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?
A.It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.
B.It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.
C.Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.
D.Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.
本题答案：
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案：C
  • 系统解析：
    由题干中的关键词the Spanish Civil War 定位到文章首段。推理判断题。由定位段可知，西班牙的埃布罗河三角洲曾发生过著名的西班牙内战，现在这里又发生了一场不同的竞争:稻农要为保护水稻作战。这里发生的事情（即结果)会产生重要的影响。由此可知，作者将这两个相提并论是为了突出后者和前者一样重要，故答案为C。
2
What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?
A.Striking the weaker enemy first.
B.Killing two birds with one stone.
C.Eliminating the enemy one by one.
D.Using one evil to combat the other.
本题答案：
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案：D
  • 系统解析：
    由题干中的关键词most effective strategy 定位到文章第二段最后一句。细节辨认题。解题的关键在于对定位句中harness one foe against the other 的正确理解，该短语意为“利用一个敌人去对付另一个”，选项D是其同义转述，故答案为D。
3
What do we learn about "Project Neurice"？
A.Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.
B.It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.
C.Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.
D.It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.
本题答案：
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案：C
  • 系统解析：
    由题干中的关键词Project Neurice定位到文章第三段第二句和第四段。推理判断题。第三段第二句提到了题干中的关键词Project Neurice。接下来的第四段提到，这个项目有两个方面:短期内对战蜗牛，中远期内抵御气候变化。但是蜗牛还是这个项目的当务之急。可见选项C与原文意义一致，故答案为C。
4
What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?
A.It can survive only on southern European wetlands.
B.It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.
C.It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.
D.It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.
本题答案：
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案：B
  • 系统解析：
    由题干中的关键词project manager和the giant apple snail定位到文章第五段最后两句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，项目经理塞拉特认为巨型苹果蜗牛会继续向新的领地迈进，会抵达欧洲其他的大米产区，只是时间早晚的问题，选项B的表述与原文一致，故答案为B。
5
What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?
A.Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.
B.Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.
C.Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.
D.Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.
本题答案：
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案：A
  • 系统解析：
    由题干中的关键词ultimate goal和EU-funded program定位到文章最后一段。细节辨认题。定位段第一句指出，这项研究的目的就是寻找抗盐的水稻品种，随后的两句再次强调目的是培育出既能够抗盐，又能保留欧洲水稻97%基因组的品种，故答案为A。
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