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Perhaps it is time for farmers to put their feet up now that robots are used to inspect crops, dig up weeds, and even have become shepherds, too. Commercial growing fields are astronomically huge and take thousands of man-hours to operate. One prime example is one of Australia’s most isolated cattle stations, Suplejack Downs in the Northern Territory, extending across 4,000 square kilometers, taking over 13 hours to reach by car from the nearest major town—Alice Springs.
The extreme isolation of these massive farms leaves them often unattended, and monitored only once or twice a year, which means if the livestock falls ill or requires assistance, it can be a long time for farmers to discover.
However, robots are coming to the rescue.
Robots are currently under a two-year trial in Wales which will train “farmbots” to herd, monitor the health of livestock, and make sure there is enough pasture for them to graze on. The robots are equipped with many sensors to identify conditions of the environment, cattle and food, using thermal and vision sensors that detect changes in body temperature.
“You’ve also got color, texture and shape sensors looking down at the ground to check pasture quality,” says Salah Sukkarieh of the University of Sydney, who will carry out trials on several farms in central New South Wales.
During the trials, the robot algorithms (算法) and mechanics will be fine-tuned to make it better suited to ailing livestock and ensure it safely navigates around potential hazards including trees, mud, swamps, and hills.
“We want to improve the quality of animal health and make it easier for farmers to maintain large landscapes where animals roam free,” says Sukkarieh.
The robots are not limited to herding and monitoring livestock. They have been created to count individual fruit, inspect crops, and even pull weeds.
Many robots are equipped with high-tech sensors and complex learning algorithms to avoid injuring humans as they work side by side. The robots also learn the most efficient and safest passages, and allow engineers and farmers to analyze and better optimize the attributes and tasks of the robot, as well as provide a live stream giving real-time feedback on exactly what is happening on the farms.
Of course, some worry lies in replacing agricultural workers. However, it is farmers that are pushing for the advancements due to ever-increasing labor vacancies, making it difficult to maintain large-scale operations.
The robots have provided major benefits to farmers in various ways, from hunting and pulling weeds to monitoring the condition of every single fruit. Future farms will likely experience a greater deal of autonomy as robots take up more and more farm work efficiently.
1
What may farmers be able to do with robots appearing on the farming scene?
A.Upgrade farm produce
B.Enjoy more leisure hours.
C.Modify the genes of crops.
D.Cut down farming costs.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的may farmers be able to do with robots 定位到文章首段首句:Perhaps it is time farmers to put their feet up now that robots are used to inspect crops, dig up weeds, and even have become shepherds, too. 事实细节题。文章开篇第一句就提到,也许现在是农民翘着脚休息的时候了,接下来解释说, 这是因为机器人被用来检查庄稼,挖杂草,甚至成为了牧羊人。由此可见,当机器人出现于农业劳作的场景中时,农民或许可以享受休闲时光了,故答案为B。
2
What will “farmbots” be expected to do?
A.Take up many of the farmers’ routines.
B.Provide medical treatments for livestock.
C.Lead the trend in farming the world over.
D.Improve the quality of pastures for grazing.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的farmbots 定位到文章第四段第一句:Robots are currently under a two-year trial in Wales which will train “fannbots" to herd, monitor the health of livestock, and make sure there is enough pasture for them to graze on.

    事实细节题。定位句指出,该试验将训练“农业机器人放牧,监测牲畜的健康状况,并确保有足够的牧场供他们取食。再结合上文提到,有了机器人,农民可以翘着脚休息了,可知这种机器人承担了许多农民的工作,故答案为A。B. “为牲畜提供治疗”,是根据定位句中的monitor the health of livestock 设置的干扰项,但 原文是说监测牲畜的健康状况,而不是进行治疗,故排除;C. “引领世界农场业的潮流”,在文中没有提到,属于无中生有,故排除;D. “改善畜牧草场的质量”是根据定位句后半部分设置的干扰,但原文只说有足够的牧场,而未提及质量,因此该项不符合原文意思,故排除。
3
What can robots do when equipped with high-tech sensors and complex learning algorithms?
A.Help farmers choose the most efficient and safest passages.
B.Help farmers simplify their farming tasks and management.
C.Allow farmers to learn instantly what is occurring on the farm.
D.Allow farmers to give them real-time instructions on what to do.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的 high-tech sensors and complex learning algorithms 定位到文章第九段:Many robots are equipped with high-tech sensors and complex learning algorithms to avoid injuring humans as they work side by side. The robots also learn the most efficient and safest passages, and allow engineers and farmers to analyze and better optimize the attributes and tasks of the robot, as well as provide a live stream giving real-time feedback on exactly what is happening on the farms.

    事实细节题。定位句提到,配备了高科技传感器和复杂的学习算法的机器人能为农民提供实 时流,对农场上正在发生的事情给出实时反馈,由此可知,C. 为该部分的同义转述,故为答案。

    A. “帮助农民选择最有效和最安全的通道”,混淆了定位段第二句的意思,原文是说机器人能够使用最有效和最安全的通道,可见A 与原文不符,故排除;B. “帮助农民简化耕作任务和管理”, 定位部分未曾提及,故排除;D. “让农民得以对后面的工作进行实时指导”,是根据定位段第二句中的 allow engineers and farmers to analyze and better optimize the attributes and tasks of the robot 设置的干扰,原文虽然提到可以优化机器人的任务,但没有提到实时指导,该项与原文不符,故排除。
4
Why are farmers pressing for robotic farming?
A.Farming costs are fast increasing.
B.Robotics technology is maturing.
C.Robotic farming is the trend.
D.Labor short is worsening
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的farmers pressing for robots farming 定位到文章倒数第二段最后一句:However, it is farmers that are pushing for the advancements due to ever-increasing labor vacancies, making it difficult to maintain large-scale operations.

    事实细节题。定位句指出,正是农民本身出于劳动力空缺不断增加,大规模经营难以为继的缘故,才不断推动着(农业科技的)进步,四个选项中D 与第一个原因相吻合,故答案为D。

    A. “农业生产成本快速增加”、B. “机器人科技渐趋成熟”以及C. “机器人农业是趋势”在原文中均未提及,属于无中生有,故排除。
5
What does the author think future farms will be like?
A.More and more automated.
B.More and more productive.
C.Larger and larger in scale.
D.Better and better in condition.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    由题干中的 future farms 定位到文章最后一句:Future farms will likely experience a greater deal of autonomy as robots take up more and more farm work efficiently.

    事实细节题。定位句指出,随着机器人高效地承担越来越多的农业劳作,未来的农场可能会体验到更多的自主性,由此可知A 与原文中的experience a greater deal of autonomy 同义,故答案为A。 B.“产能越来越高"、C. “规模越来越大”以及D. “条件越来越好”在文中均没有依据,故排除。
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