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When I re-entered the full-time workforce a few years ago after a decade of solitary self-employment, there was one thing I was looking forward to the most: the opportunity to have work friends once again. It wasn’t until I entered the corporate world that I realized, for me at least, being friends with colleagues didn’t emerge as a priority at all. This is surprising when you consider the prevailing emphasis by scholars and trainers and managers on the importance of cultivating close interpersonal relationships at work. So much research has explored the way in which collegial (同事的) ties can help overcome a range of workplace issues affecting productivity and the quality of work output such as team-based conflict, jealousy, undermining, anger, and more.
Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment. Whereas now, as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely fulfilling without needing to be best mates with the people sitting next to you.
In an academic analysis just published in the profoundly-respected Journal of Management, researchers have looked at the concept of “indifferent relationships”. It’s a simple term that encapsulates (概括) the fact that relationships at work can reasonably be non-intimate, inconsequential, unimportant and even, dare I say it, disposable or substitutable.
Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted thus far indicates they’re especially dominant among those who value independence over cooperation, and harmony over confrontation. Indifference is also the preferred option among those who are socially lazy. Maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort. For some of us, too much effort.
As noted above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful approach in resolving some of the issues that pop up at work. But there are nonetheless several empirically proven benefits. One of those is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and churning (产出).
The other is self-esteem. As human beings, we’re primed to compare ourselves to each other in what is an anxiety-inducing phenomenon. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more so than friends. Since the former is most common among those inclined towards indifferent relationships, their predominance can bolster individuals’ sense of self-worth.
Ego aside, a third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found to enhance critical evaluation, to strengthen one’s focus on task resolution, and to gain greater access to valuable information. None of that might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I’ll take it anyway.
1
What did the author realize when he re-entered the corporate world?
A.Making new friends with his workmates was not as easy as he had anticipated.
B.Cultivating positive interpersonal relationships helped him expel solitary feelings.
C.Working in the corporate world requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment.
D.Building close relationships with his colleagues was not as important as he had expected.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    本题考查作者重回职场的感悟,由re-entered the corporate world定位至首段①②句(When I re entered the full-time workforce...It wasn't until I enter the corporate world that...)。将原文作者感悟:与同事交朋友并非那么重要(not... a priority at all)窜改为并非那么容易(not...easy)。B利用首句“10年自由职业孤单,重回职场之际最期待又能与同事为友”捏造出“积极人际关系能消除孤独感”,但文中并未提及积极人际关系对孤独感的作用。C由③④句“职场中亲密人际关系的重要性”捏造出“职场工作比自由职业更需要人际交往能力”,但文中并未提及这两种工作对人际交往能力的要求。文首两句对比作者重回职场前后的心理感受:最期待与同事为友VS与同事为友根本算不上头等大事。可见,作者重回职场前以为与同事为友是头等大事,而重回职场后发现这根本算不上头等大事,故D正确。
2
What do we learn from many studies about collegial relationships?
A.Inharmonious relationships have an adverse effect on productivity.
B.Harmonious relationships are what many companies aim to cultivate.
C.Close collegial relationships contribute very little to product quality.
D.Conflicting relationships in the workplace exist almost everywhere.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    本题考查有关同事关系的研究,由studies about cllegial relationships定位至首段末句(research...collegial ties..)由首段③句”培训师、管理者都强调亲密的同事关系的重要性”推导而来,但这是管理现状,并非研究所涉内容。D根据段末句尾such as team-based conflict,jealousy,undemnining,anger,and more所展现出的“职场中问题多多”捏造出“职场中冲突无处不在”,但文中无据可依。该句指出,许多研究探索了“(亲密)同事关系如何帮助克服职场中一系列影响工作效率和工作质量的问题的方式”,由此可见,密切/和谐的同事关系会对工作效率和质量有积极影响,而疏远/不和谐的同事关系会对工作效率和质量有消极影响。故A正确,同时排除C。
3
What can be inferred about relationships at work from an academic analysis?
A.They should be cultivated.
B.They are virtually irrelevant.
C.They are vital to corporate culture.
D.They should be reasonably intimate.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    本题考查学术分析中对职场关系的相关信息,由relationships at work、an academic analysis可定位至第三段(In an academic analysis...relationships at work...)A、C均流露出“职场关系重要”之意,与学术分析所示信息相悖;D将can reasonably be non- intimate“可以合理地不亲密(不亲密也合理)”窜改为should be reasonably intimate“应该适当亲密”(附注:文中reasonably用以说明can b...,选项中reasonably用以说明intimate,有语义差别)。段中首先引出学术分析中探讨的概念:淡漠关系;随后对它进行具体介绍:这一术语简单,却囊括这样一个事实——职场关系可以不亲密、微不足道、不重要、甚至可以用完即扔或可任意取代。由此可推知,职场关系几乎无关紧要,故B正确。
4
What does the author say about people who are socially lazy?
A.They feel uncomfortable when engaging in social interactions.
B.They often find themselves in confrontation with their colleagues.
C.They are unwilling to make efforts to maintain Workplace relationships.
D.They lack basic communication skills in dealing with interpersonal issues.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    本题考查作者对社交懒人的评价,由socially lazy定位至第四段③句。A、B均根据②句(value)harmony over confrontation“重和谐甚于冲突”分别捏造出“人际交往不适(因为害怕冲突所以重视和谐)”、“常与人发生冲突(为了避免冲突而选择和谐)”,D则根据②句value independence over cooperation“重独立甚于合作”捏造出“缺乏基本沟通技巧(因为不会沟通而选择独立)”,但文中这两个value A over B结构均非说明社交懒人,而是与之并行的另一群体:重独立甚于合作、重和谐甚于冲突的人群。第四段③句指出,淡漠(关系)是社交懒人首选;随后④⑤句补充说明原因:长期维持关系需要付出(太多)势力。可见,对于社交懒人而言,他们不愿意努力维持职场关系,他们选择淡漠职场关系,认为职场关系并不重要(不影响工作效率及质量),故C正确。
5
What is one of the benefits of indifferent relationships?
A.They provide fun at work.
B.They help control emotions.
C.They help resolve differences.
D.They improve work efficiency.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    本题考查淡漠关系的好处,由benefits of indifferent relationships定位至第五、六、七段。A中fun来自文末句,但这里指“淡漠关系(带来的益处)不如下班后社交有趣”,而非“淡漠关系为工作提供乐趣”。B由indifferent的常规联想(冷静克制)和末段emotional neutrality(情感中立)杂糅捏造出“控制情绪”,原文并无根据。C将第五段首句“解决工作问题(resolving...issues...at work)”篡改为“解决分歧(resolve differences)”。第五段末两句指出好处之一:效率——花在闲聊、社交上的时间更少意味着有更好的时间来工作及产出,意即,淡漠关系能够提升工作效率,故D正确。
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