首页
在线考试
章节闯关
谁正在考试
学习应用
听写训练
背单词
情景会话
口语模仿
擂台赛
每日英语
资料下载
作文批改
注册
您的位置：
在线考试首页
>
章节闯关
>
英语六级
>
阅读理解
>
历年真题
>
第37关
00:00:00
已做
0
项(正确
0
项，错误做
0
项)/共10项，剩余
10
项未作答
结束作答
答案解析
上一题
下一题
返回
阅读理解
收藏
纠错
What is the place of art in a culture of inattention? Recent visitors to the Louvre report that tourists can now spend only a minute in front of the Mona Lisa before being asked to move on. Much of that time, for some of them, is spent taking photographs not even of the painting but of themselves with the painting in the background.
One view is that we have democratised tourism and gallery-going so much that we have made it effectively impossible to appreciate what we’ve travelled to see. In this oversubscribed society, experience becomes a commodity like any other. There are queues to climb Mt. Jolmo Lungma as well as to see famous paintings. Leisure, thus conceived, is hard labour, and returning to work becomes a well-earned break from the ordeal.
What gets lost in this industrialised haste is the quality of looking. Consider an extreme example, the late philosopher Richard Wollheim. When he visited the Louvre he could spent as much as four hours sitting before a painting. The first hour, he claimed, was necessary for misperceptions to be eliminated. It was only then that the picture would begin to disclose itself. This seems unthinkable today, but it is still possible to organise. Even in the busiest museums there are many rooms and many pictures worth hours of contemplation which the crowds largely ignore. Sometimes the largest crowds are partly the products of bad management; the Mona Lisa is such a hurried experience today partly because the museum is being reorganised. The Uffizi in Florence, another site of cultural pilgrimage, has cut its entry queues down to seven minutes by clever management. And there are some forms of art, those designed to be spectacles as well as objects of contemplation, which can work perfectly well in the face of huge crowds.
Olafur Eliasson’s current Tate Modern show, for instance, might seem nothing more than an entertainment, overrun as it is with kids romping (喧闹地玩耍)in fog rooms and spray mist installations. But it’s more than that: where Eliasson is at his most entertaining, he is at his most serious too, and his disorienting installations bring home the reality of the destructive effects we are having on the planet — not least what we are doing to the glaciers of Eliasson’s beloved Iceland.
Marcel Proust, another lover of the Louvre, wrote: “ It is only through art that we can escape from ourselves and know how another person sees the universe, whose landscapes would otherwise have remained as unknown as any on the moon.”If any art remains worth seeing, it must lead us to such escapes. But a minute in front of a painting in a hurried crowd won’t do that.
1
What does the scene at the Louvre demonstrate according to the author?
A.
The enormous appeal of a great piece of artistic work to tourists.
B.
The near impossibility of appreciating art in an age of mass tourism.
C.
The ever-growing commercial value of long-cherished artistic works.
D.
The real difficulty in getting a glimpse at a masterpiece amid a crowd.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
首段②③句描述卢浮宫内的场景:卢浮宫要求参观者只能在《蒙娜丽莎》前停留一分钟，而在这宝贵的一分钟里，很多游客只顾着拍照，而且是以画像为背景自拍。第二段①句作出评价:我们现在将旅游和观展变得太过普及，以至于根本无法欣赏奔波前往观看的作品(即在大众旅游时代欣赏艺术愈发困难)，B正确。
2
Why did the late philosopher Richard Wollheim spend four hours before a picture?
A.
It takes time to appreciate a piece of art fully.
B.
It is quite common to misinterpret artistic works.
C.
The longer people contemplate a picture, the more likely they will enjoy it.
D.
The more time one spends before a painting, the more valuable one finds it.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
第三段②句明确Wollheim事例为极端例子(就此追溯至①句观点句“工业化的仓促和快旅游风尚使旅游及观展品质降低”，并判断②句事例意在以过去情形之“慢”凸显当今情形之“快”)，③句描述事例“Wollheim会在画作前停留四个小时之久”.④⑤句借Wollheim之言说明原因;第一个小时是为消除误解，后三个小时才开始逐渐领悟画作真谛。可见，Wollheim在画作前长时间停留是为了更充分地领悟画作真谛，A正确。
3
What does the case of the Uffizi in Florence show?
A.
Art works in museums should be better taken care of.
B.
Sites of cultural pilgrimage are always flooded with visitors.
C.
Good management is key to handling large crowds of visitors.
D.
Large crowds of visitors cause management problems for museums.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
第三段⑥句指出“Wollheim式的深度参观(即长时间停留欣赏画作以领悟其真谛)可通过组织管理来实现”，⑦⑧句指出“博物馆人满为患，资源配置不当、游客仓促参观的原因是管理不善或正处修整期”，⑨句介绍乌菲兹美术馆做法“通过巧妙的管理极大地缩短了入场排队时间”。综合可知，文章提及乌菲兹美术馆的事例是为了说明“良好的组织管理可应对大批游客，为其提供更多空间及时间来实现深度参观”，C正确。
4
What do we learn from Olafur Eliasson’s current Tate Modern show?
A.
Children learn to appreciate art works most effectively while they are playing.
B.
It is possible to combine entertainment with appreciation of serious art.
C.
Art works about the environment appeal most to young children.
D.
Some forms of art can accommodate huge crowds of visitors.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
第四段先指出“埃利亚松的展览看起来不过是一场娱乐活动，满是嬉闹的孩子”，后转而指出“这次展览不止于此，埃利亚松娱乐大众，也给人以严肃之感，整个展览意在警示人类行为对环境的影响”。综合可知，该展览表明“娱乐消遣和欣赏严肃艺术可以很好地结合”，B正确。
5
What can art do according to Marcel Proust?
A.
Enable us to live a much fuller life.
B.
Allow us to escape the harsh reality.
C.
Help us to see the world from a different perspective.
D.
Urge us to explore the unknown domain of the universe.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
末段①句引用普鲁斯特之言指出“唯有通过艺术，我们才能超脱自我，了解他人如何看待天地万物”。由此可知，普鲁斯特认为“艺术可以帮助我们超越自身固有认知，从另一个角度看世界"，C正确。
Every five years, the government tries to tell Americans what to put in their bellies. Eat more vegetables. Dial back the fats. It’s all based on the best available science for leading a healthy life. But the best available science also has a lot to say about what those food choices do to the environment, and some researchers are annoyed that new dietary recommendations of the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) released yesterday seem to utterly ignore that fact.
Broadly, the 2016 - 2020 dietary recommendations aim for balance: More vegetables, leaner meats and far less sugar.
But Americans consume more calories per capita than almost any other country in the world. So the things Americans eat have a huge impact on climate change. Soil tilling releases carbon dioxide, and delivery vehicles emit exhaust. The government’s dietary guidelines could have done a lot to lower that climate cost. Not just because of their position of authority: The guidelines drive billions of dollars of food production through federal programs like school lunches and nutrition assistance for the needy.
On its own, plant and animal agriculture contributes 9 percent of all the country’s greenhouse gas emissions. That’s not counting the fuel burned in transportation, processing, refrigeration, and other waypoints between farm and belly. Red meats are among the biggest and most notorious emitters, but trucking a salad from California to Minnesota in January also carries a significant burden. And greenhouse gas emissions aren’t the whole story. Food production is the largest user of fresh water, largest contributor to the loss of biodiversity, and a major contributor to using up natural resources.
All of these points and more showed up in the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee’s scientific report, released last February. Miriam Nelson chaired the subcommittee in charge of sustainability for the report, and is disappointed that eating less meat and buying local food aren’t in the final product. “Especially if you consider that eating less meat, especially red and processed, has health benefits,” she says.
So what happened? The official response is that sustainability falls too far outside the guidelines’ official scope, which is to provide “nutritional and dietary information.”
Possibly the agencies in charge of drafting the decisions are too close to the industries they are supposed to regulate. On one hand, the USDA is compiling dietary advice. On the other, their clients are US agriculture companies.
The line about keeping the guidelines’ scope to nutrition and diet doesn’t ring quite right with researchers. David Wallinga, for example, says, “ In previous guidelines, they’ve always been concerned with things like food security — which is presumably the mission of the USDA. You absolutely need to be worried about climate impacts and future sustainability if you want secure food in the future.”
6
Why are some researchers irritated at the USDA's 2016-2020 Dietary Guidelines?
A.
It ignores the harmful effect of red meat and processed food on health.
B.
Too much emphasis is given to eating less meat and buying local food.
C.
The dietary recommendations are not based on medical science.
D.
It takes no notice of the potential impact on the environment.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
第一段末句指出，一些研究者恼怒的是美国农业部的新版膳食建议似乎完全忽视了“食物选择会对环境造成诸多影响”这一事实(that fact的具体所指)，故D正确。
7
Why does the author say the USDA could have contributed a lot to lowering the climate cost through its dietary guidelines?
A.
It has the capacity and the financial resources to do so.
B.
Its researchers have already submitted relevant proposals.
C.
Its agencies in charge of drafting the guidelines have the expertise.
D.
It can raise students’ environmental awareness through its programs.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
第三段④句指出政府(USDA)的膳食指南本可以为降低气候成本作出巨大贡献，⑤句进而点明原因;这些指导方针不仅仅象征着权威，还可通过各种形式的联邦计划推动数十亿美元的粮食生产。由此可推断，美国农业部不仅有能力(具有威望)、也有财力(享有财政资源)去降低气候成本，A符合文意。
8
What do we learn from the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee’s scientific report?
A.
Food is easily contaminated from farm to belly.
B.
Greenhouse effect is an issue still under debate.
C.
Modern agriculture has increased food diversity.
D.
Farming consumes most of our natural resources.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
第四段末句指出，粮食生产是自然资源枯竭的主要原因，D中most of, consumes... natural resources分别对应句中major contributor, using up natural resources。
9
What may account for the neglect of sustainability in the USDA’s Dietary Guidelines according to the author?
A.
Its exclusive concern with Americans’ food safety.
B.
Its sole responsibility for providing dietary advice.
C.
Its close ties with the agriculture companies.
D.
Its alleged failure to regulate the industries.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
第七段①句中作者先概述指出，负责草拟膳食决议的官方机构(USDA)与其本应监管的行业走得过近，后于③句明确本应被监管行业的具体所指“美国农业公司”，可见C正确。
10
What should the USDA do to achieve food security according to David Wallinga?
A.
Give top priority to things like nutrition and food security.
B.
Endeavor to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture.
C.
Fulfill its mission by closely cooperating with the industries.
D.
Study the long-term impact of climate change on food production.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
第八段③句大卫·沃林加指出，美国农业部若想在未来保障粮食安全，就必须关注气候影响和未来可持续性，意即美国农业部要想实现粮食安全，就必须考虑农业发展/粮食生产的可持续性，B正确。
我的笔记
最大支持140字
收藏
0
好题
0
烂题
0
提交纠错
请输入您发现的错误详情
用户：
