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《三国演义》(The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)是中国一部著名的历史小说,写于十四世纪。这部文学作品以三国时期的历史为背景,描写了从公元二世纪下半叶到公元三世纪下半叶的魏、蜀、吴三国之间的战争。小说中刻画了近千个人物和无数的历史事件。这些人物和事件虽然大都基于真实的历史,但都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。《三国演义》是一部公认的文学杰作。自面世以来,这部小说不断吸引着一代又一代的读者,并且对中国文化产生了广泛而持久的影响。
  • 参考答案:The Romance of the Three Kingdoms,which was written in the 14th century, is a well-known Chinese historical novel. This piece of literature is based on the history of the Three Kingdoms period and depicts the wars between the states of Wei, Shu and Wu from the latter part of the 2nd century AD to the second half of the 3rd century AD. The novel portrays almost a thousand characters and countless historical events. Although most of these figures and incidents are based on real history, they are romanticized and dramatized to varying degrees. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is generally recognized as a literary masterpiece. Since its publication, this novel has continuously attracted generations of readers and had a widespread and long-lasting impact on Chinese culture.
  • 系统解析:
    1.本句有两个动词短语“是...历史小说”和“写于十四世纪”,语义上前重后轻,可把前者译为系表结构(作谓语部分)is a... novel,把后者译为主语的非限制性定语从句which was written....“中国一部著名的”翻译时应调整语序,处理为a well-known Chinese(国籍/地区类修饰词一般放在描绘性修饰词的后面)。
    2.本句两个动词短语在语义上前轻后重,可分别译为非限制性定语和主干谓语,也可合译为and连接的并列谓语结构。“三国时期的历史”可理解为“那段历史时期”,译为the historical Three Kingdoms period,也可理解为“那段时期发生的历史事件”,译为the history/ historical events of the Three Kingdoms period。....之间的战争”可译为the wars between...(表示两个或两个以,上事物彼此间的差异、区别、矛盾或竞争等关系时,常用介词between)。
    3.本句结构简单,顺译即可。“小说”特指《三国演义》这部小说,故novel前应使用定冠词the。“近千个”即“接近/将近一千个”,可译为almost/ nearly a thousand。
    4.两小句由关联词“虽然.......”连接,可译为“although引导的让步状语从句十主句”句式(注:although与but不能共用)。“这些人物和事.....大都....”可直译为these figures and incidents are mostly/ mainly/largely... ,也可使用“most of十复数名词”结构(表示.....中的大多数”)译为most of these figures and incidents are...。
    5.本句比较简短,顺译为主系表结构即可。“杰作”对应的词汇masterpiece/classic属可数名词,其前应添加不定冠词a。
    6.两个动词短语“吸.....读者”和“产生....影响”暗含微弱的顺承/因果关联,可译为and连接的并列谓语结构。“自面世以来”实指“自出版以来”,可译为介词短语since its publication 或时间状语从句since it was published,此时主干句的谓语应采用现在完成时形式(since通常是现在完成时的标志词)。“对某事物产生影响”可使用have... impact/influence on sth结构。
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