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汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门,对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术一派繁荣,涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著。公元l00年中国第一部字典编撰完成,收入9000个字,提供释义并列举不同的写法。其间,科技方面也取得了很大进步,发明了纸张、水钟、日晷(sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝历经400年,但统治者的腐败最终导致了它的灭亡。
  • 参考答案:The Han dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in Chinese history. There are lots of remarkable achievements during the reign of the Han dynasty. Being the first dynasty to open the door to other cultures, it excelled in foreign trade. The Silk Road opened in the Han dynasty led to Central and Western Asia, even Rome. With all sorts of art schools flourishing, there appeared many great works in literary, history, and philosophy. In 100 AD, China's first dictionary was completed, which included 9,000 characters, providing definitions and different ways to write the characters. During that period, the science and technology had also made great progress, with paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments used to measure earthquakes invented. Though the Han dynasty had a history of 400 years, the corruption of its rulers finally contributed to its collapse.
  • 系统解析:
    1.翻译第一句时,需要用到“one of+可数名词复数”结构。另外需要注意的是,表示朝代的名词前面需要加定冠词the。
    2.翻译第二句时需要注意时态。由于本句是客观说明,故使用一般现在时更好。
    3.翻译第三句时,可将“最先向其他文化敞开大门”译作伴随状语,将“对外贸易兴旺”译作主句。还可将这两个分句译为并列句子,即It was the first dynasty to open the door to other cultures,and its foreign trade was prosperous.
    4.翻译第四句时,可以把“丝绸之路”译作主语,将“汉朝开拓的”译作后置定语。
    5.翻译第五句时,可将“各类艺术一派繁荣”译作伴随状语,将“涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著”译作主句。还可把“各类艺术一派繁荣”译作主句,后接定语从句,增译“汉朝”作先行词,即Various kinds of art thrived during the Han dynasty, when many great works on literature,history and philosophy emerged。
    6.翻译第六句时,可将句子译作一个复合句,把“公元l00年中国第一部字典编撰完成”译作主句,把“收入9 000个字”译作定语从句,把“提供释义并列举不同的写法”译作伴随状语。另外一种翻译方法是:把“公元l00年中国第一部字典编撰完成,收入9000个字”和“提供释义并列举不同的写法”译作并列句,其中“收入9 000个字”译作第一个句子的伴随状语,即The first dictionary in China was compiled in l00 AD, embodying 9,000 words and it provided meanings and different ways to write the characters.
    7.翻译第七句时,可把“发明了纸张、水钟、日晷以及测量地震的仪器”译作with复合结构。另外一种翻译方法是译作两个句子,即During that period,the science and technology had also made great progress.Paper,water clocks,sundials and instruments used to measure earthquakes were invented。
    8.最后一句可根据其转折关系使用让步状语从句,也可以直接译作表示转折关系的并列句,即The Han dynasty lasted for 400 years,but its rulers’corruption led to its collapse.
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