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Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage. The meaning of unknown words which you __1__ in your reading sometimes can be known by their __2__ , that is, their contexts. The context of the sentence can tell us the part of speech (词性) of the __3__ word. Using the context of the paragraph to define unknown words can also be __4__ .
Readers often have trouble because they understand the sentence word by word but __5__ meaning of a word, when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage.
One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown word's part of speech. The words around the unknown word can give you __6__ . Once you know if the word is a noun or an adjective, it is often enough for you to __7__ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word. After coming across the word a few more times, you will know its meaning more __8__ than if you had just looked it up.
Comparison clues indicate that two or more things are __9__ . A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have __10__ . Words likewise^ show you that comparisons can be made.
__11__ clues tell you that an example of an unknown word follows. Example clues are usually __12__ by the following words and phrases: such as, such, other, for example, and like.
To find meanings from text-based clues, you should look for clues in the sentence. A second kind of clue does not __13__ on specific words to indicate meaning. This kind of context clue is called framework-based clue. Your knowledge of the meanings of surrounding words __14__ you discover the meaning of a word or sentence. Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help in defining unknown words. For example: The angry driver shouted vehemently② during his fight with the other driver. What does vehemently __16__ ? You know what __17__ means, and you know how people __18__ when they argue. From this, you can __19__ out that vehemently has something to do with strong __20__ or intense feelings.
1
A.
take down
B.
look up
C.
come across
D.
pick out
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
你在阅读中遇到(come across)的生词的词义有时可以通过上下文语境猜测出来。A:记下;B:查阅;D:挑选出。
2
A.
sentences
B.
words
C.
topics
D.
surroundings
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
下文中的 that is 说明此处应选 contexts(上下文)的近义词。
3
A.
unknown
B.
abnormal
C.
familiar
D.
negative
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
句子的上下文可以告诉我们这个生词(unknown word)的词性。
4
A.
unique
B.
natural
C.
helpful
D.
common
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
语篇语境对于定义生词也是有帮助的(helpful)。
5
A.
incorrect
B.
inconvenient
C.
different
D.
satisfactory
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
根据语境可知 A 项符合题意。
6
A.
cases
B.
reasons
C.
effects
D.
clues
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
生词周围的那些词可以给你提供线索(clues)。
7
A.
translate
B.
interview
C.
continue
D.
examine
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
根据下文 without having to slop ... 可知,如果你知道这个生词是名词还是形容词,你就可以继续读下去,不必停下来査找单词词义。continue doing sth.继续做某事。
8
A.
strangely
B.
uncertainly
C.
potentially
D.
firmly
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
在遇到这个单词几次之后,你对它的意思的掌握会比你直接查词典更牢固。
9
A.
alike
B.
meaningful
C.
proper
D.
great
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
对比线索暗示两个或多个事物是相似的(alike)。
10
A.
properties
B.
similarities
C.
possibilities
D.
personalities
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
认识的和不认识的词之间有相似之处(similarities),所以就可能存在比较。
11
A.
Popularity
B.
Consideration
C.
Example
D.
Comparison
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
下文的 Example clues 给出了提示。
12
A.
affected
B.
adjusted
C.
changed
D.
introduced
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
举例线索通常由 such as, such, other, for example 和 like 这样的单词或词组引出(introduced)。
13
A.
focus
B.
spend
C.
carry
D.
rely
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
另一种线索并不依靠(rely on)特定的词暗示词义。
14
A.
prevents
B.
helps
C.
tells
D.
displays
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
你对周围单词意思的了解有助于你发现一个词或句子的意思。 help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事。
15
A.
point
B.
taste
C.
awareness
D.
sense
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
在定义生词的过程中,常识(common sense)以及你对词性的了解也会有所帮助。
16
A.
本题答案:
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
表示“是什么意思”时,常用句型 What does...mean?
17
A.
angry
B.
grateful
C.
happy
D.
anxious
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
上文 The angry driver 给出了提示。
18
A.
take
B.
say
C.
act
D.
think
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
你知道 angry 是什么意思,并且知道当人们争吵时,他们是如何表现的。act 这里意为“举止,表现”。
19
A.
come
B.
figure
C.
feel
D.
set
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
根据这些,你就可以弄清楚(figure out) “vehemently”与强烈的情感有关。
20
A.
demand
B.
ambition
C.
attitude
D.
emotion
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
下文中 or intense feelings 给出了提示,选项中只有 emotion(情感)与 feeling 的意思接近。
It is hard to decide which food to buy in an American grocery store these days. The information on many products makes __1__ claims. The label " organic (有机的) __2__ that the United States Department of Agriculture recognized the product was grown under special conditions. If the food is grown __3__ , it shows the words "USDA organic" on it. This is an official label①.
The food is grown without chemical treatment against insects or __4__. It is grown without chemical fertilizers② . Before a product can be labeled "organic", a ( n ) __5__ will visit the farm where the food is produced to make sure the farm __6__ USDA standards. Organic meat, eggs and dairy products come from __7__ that are given no antibiotics (抗生素) and must be fed on organic food and have __8__ to the outdoors.
No conclusive③ __9__ shows that organic food is more nutritious④ than traditionally grown food. And the USDA—even if it proves organic food—doesn't __10__ declare that these products are safer or more nutritious. Organic foods meet the same __11__ and safety standards as traditional foods. The difference __12__ how the food is produced, processed and handled. Some people buy organic food for __13__ reasons. Organic food is produced by __14__ who emphasize⑤ the use of renewable resources. The prices between most organic food and __15__ food products vary. Higher prices are due to more expensive farming __16__ . A lot of work must be done every day.
The new USDA's national organic programme for labeling is __17__ at enabling consumers to make a (n) __18__ choice among the foods they buy and also includes the safeguard against __19__ . People who sell or label a product" organic" when they know it does not meet USDA standards can be __20__ up to $11, 000.
21
A.
unbelievable
B.
false
C.
different
D.
flexible
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
unbelievable 难以置信的;false 错误的;different 不同的;flexible 可变化的。由前文的 hard to decide 可知选 C 。
22
A.
predicts
B.
proves
C.
proposes
D.
doubts
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
predict 预计;prove 证明;propose 提议;doubt 怀疑。由前文的 claims 可知选 B 。
23
A.
on the contrary
B.
in any case
C.
in turn
D.
in this way
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
on the contrary 与此相反;in any case 在任何情况下;in turn 依次;in this way 用这种方法。由前文的 the product was grown under special conditions 可知选 D。
24
A.
diseases
B.
operations
C.
activities
D.
services
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
diseases 疾病;operations 手术;activities 活动;services 服务。由 insects 可推知选 A。
25
A.
protector
B.
reminder
C.
inspector
D.
volunteer
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
protector 保护者;reminder 暗示;提醒的人/物;inspector 检查员; volunteer 志愿者。此处指美国农业部门的检察员检查(合格)后才会给予有机食品标签。
26
A.
presents
B.
opposes
C.
protects
D.
meets
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
presents 呈现;opposes 反对;protects 保护;meets 遇见,满足,符合。 由空后的 USDA standards 可知选 D 。
27
A.
plants
B.
villages
C.
animals
D.
farms
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
plants 植物;villages 村庄;animals 动物;farms 农场。由前文的 Organic meat, eggs and dairy products...可知选 C。
28
A.
solution
B.
access
C.
entrance
D.
direction
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
solution 解决办法;access 使用权,进入;entrance 入口; direction 说明,指导。have access to(接近或进人的)机会。根据空后的 the outdoors 可知选 B。
29
A.
agreement
B.
concept
C.
expectation
D.
evidence
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
agreement 协议;concept 概念;expectation 期待;evidence 证明,证据。根据空格后面的内容可知选 D 。
30
A.
publicly
B.
soon
C.
secretly
D.
anxiously
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
publicly 公开地;soon 不久;secretly 秘密地;anxiously 焦急地。 publicly declare 公开地声明。
31
A.
shape
B.
fashion
C.
quality
D.
size
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
shape 形状;fashion 流行;quality 品质;size 大小。由下太的 safety standards 可知,此处应是“质量”。
32
A.
lies in
B.
consists of
C.
knows about
D.
puzzles out
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
lie in ;consists of 由组成;knows about 了解;puzzles out 仔细考虑。句意:不同之处在于食物是怎样被生产、加工和处理的。
33
A.
financial
B.
social
C.
cultural
D.
environmental
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
financial 金融的;social 社交的;cultural 文化的;environmental 环境的。由下文的 the use of renewable resources 可知选 D。
34
A.
sellers
B.
farmers
C.
drivers
D.
buyers
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
sellers 销售者;farmers 农民;drivers 司机;buyers 购买者。有机食物由重视使用可再生资源的农民生产。
35
A.
fresh
B.
delicious
C.
traditional
D.
new
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
fresh 辦鲜的;delicious 美味的;traditional 传统的;new 新的。此处是指有机食物和传统食物的产品价格不同。
36
A.
practices
B.
tools
C.
chemicals
D.
machines
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
practices 练习,惯常做的事;tools 工具;chemicals 化学制品;m chines 机器。farming practices 引申为农业劳动。
37
A.
surprised
B.
laughed
C.
aimed
D.
delighted
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
be aimed at doing sth.以为目标。故 C 项正确。
38
A.
active
B.
potential
C.
wrong
D.
sensible
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
active 活跃的;potential 潜在的;wrong 错误的;sensible 理性的 make a sensible choice 做出理性选择。
39
A.
limitation
B.
misrepresentation
C.
reservation
D.
reaction
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
limitation 限制;misrepresentation 故意歪曲事实;reservation 预订 reaction 反应。根据下文的描述可知选 B 。
40
A.
awarded
B.
given
C.
fined
D.
spared
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
awarded 奖励;given 给予;fined 罚款;spared 分出。根据空后的 up to $11,000 判断选 C。
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