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Several recent studies have found that being randomly (随机地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性) of conflict.
Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may decrease prejudice and compel students to engage in more ethnically diverse friendships.
An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers. Researchers believe this may be caused by social pressure.
In a New York Times article, Sam Boakye--the only black student on his freshman year floor said that“if you're surrounded by whites, you have something to prove." Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in residences.
According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different races are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out.
An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.
Grace Kao, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings. “This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race," she said.
At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing.
"One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly," said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley.“This is the definition of integration.”
“I've experienced roommate conflicts between interracial students that have both broken down stereotypes and reinforced stereotypes," said one Penn resident advisor (RA). The RA of two years added that while some conflicts“provided more multicultural acceptance and melding (融合),”" there were also "jarring cultural confrontations."
The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race.
Kao said she cautions against forming any generalizations based on any one of the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be studied and explained.
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1. What can we learn from some recent studies?
A.Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable.
B.Students of different races are prejudiced against each other.
C.Interracial lodging does more harm than good.
D.Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    文章开头第1句即提到不同种族的人同住有两个截然不同的结果:促进相互包容(increased tolerance)和更容易引起冲突(a greater likelihood of conflict)。说明了这种做法有利有弊,因此D符合题意。
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2. What does Sam Boakye's remark mean?
A.White students tend to look down upon their black peers.
B.Black students can compete with their white peers academically.
C.Black students feel somewhat embarrassed among white peers during the freshman year.
D.Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    第4段中Sam Boakye 的例子是为了具体说明上段的结论:迫于社交压力,与白人同住的黑人学生成绩往往更好。Sam Boakye 说“如果你的周围都是白人,那么你一定会去证明些什么”,言下之意就是Sam Boakye作为黑人学生,白人同伴的存在这一社交压力会激励他更加努力地去取得成功,故D正确。
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3. What does the Indiana University study show?
A.Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.
B.Few white students like sharing a room with a black peer.
C.Roommates of different races just don't get along.
D.Assigning students' lodging randomly is not a good policy.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    根据题干的Indiana University 定位至第7段。该大学的研究结果显示interracial roommates 比white roommates更有可能在学期末分居,A中的more likely对应文中的three times(可能性是三倍),fallout与no longer live together 对应,因此选A。注意此处fall out意为“散伙,分开,争吵”。
4
4. What does Alec Webley consider to be the "definition of integration"?
A.Students of different races are required to share a room.
B.Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.
C.Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception.
D.The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    准确定位后可知本题的解题关键是找出代词This指代的内容。代词通常指代前文提到的内容,即the process throws you together randomly(随机分配宿舍的过程),D中的randomly assign 与throw you together randomly 对应,故D正确。
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5. What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?
A.It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.
B.Schools should be cautious when making decisions about student lodging.
C.Students' racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned.
D.Experienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems.
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    最后一段Grace Kao 指出,要得出interracial lodging 的一般规律( generalizations),需要对学生的背景特 征做更多的研究,A“在没有深人研究前就对它作出一般性结论是不科学的"准确地概括归纳了该段大意,故A正确。
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