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In the traditional marriage，the man worked at a job to earn money for the family. Most men worked in an office，a factory，or some other places away from the home. Since the man earned the money, he paid the bills. The money was used for food，clothes，a house, and other family needs. The man made most of the decisions. He was the boss.
In the traditional marriage，the woman seldom worked away from the house. She stayed at home to care for the children and her husband. She cooked the meals，cleaned the house， washed the clothes, and did other household work. Her job at home was very important.
In recent years，many couples continue to have a traditional relationship of this kind. The man has a job and earns the money for the family. The woman stays at home and cares for the children and the house. Many Americans are happy with this kind of marriage. But some other Americans have a different impression of marriage and family responsibilities.
There are two important differences in male and female roles now. One is that both men and women have many more choices. They may choose to marry or to stay single. They may choose to work or stay at home. Both men and women may choose roles that are comfortable for them.
A second difference in male and female roles is that within marriage many decisions and responsibilities are shared. The husband and wife may choose to have children, or they may not. If they have children，the man may take care of them some of the time, all of the time, or not at all. The woman may want to stay at home and take care of the children. Or she may want to go to work. Men and women now decide these things together in a marriage. Many married people now share these decisions and the responsibilities of their families.
1
Which of the following is NOT true in the traditional marriage?
A.
Men worked at a job to earn money for the family.
B.
The woman made most of the decisions.
C.
The woman stayed at home to care for the children.
D.
The man paid the bills.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
细节题。根据第一段内容，在传统的观念里，男人占了主导地位，女人仅负责照顾孩子和家庭。选项B不是这个意思，所以是正确答案。
2
In recent years_____.
A.
young couples reject the traditional relationship
B.
the woman has a job and earns the money for the family
C.
the woman doesn't stay at home and care for the children and the house
D.
the role of men and women has begun to change
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
细节题。第四和第五段讲到在近几年里，男人和女人的角色开始改变，所以正确答案是D项。
3
Men and women may now choose all the following EXCEPT to _____.
A.
marry or to stay single
B.
work or to stay at home
C.
have the roles that are comfortable for them
D.
leave their jobs just because they have children
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
细节题。第四和第五段讲到如今人们有了更多的选择，选项A、B和C都有可能做到，所以正确答案是D项。
4
The are all now true EXCEPT_____.
A.
they may choose to have children or not
B.
the may take care of the children of the time
C.
the women may want to go to work
D.
the women is the most important person in the house
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
细节题。第四、第五段提到了选项A、B和C，没有提到选项D。
5
Which of the following is NOT true?
A.
The man was the boss in the traditional marriage.
B.
The woman's job at home was very important in the past.
C.
Many Americans still have a traditional marriage.
D.
Everyone tries to get married.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
推断题。选项A说在传统的婚姻里，男人是主人，这是第一段的主题；选项B说到妇女的工作在过去是很重要的，这是第二段的主题；选项C说很多美国人仍旧保有传统的观念，这是第三段的主题；文中未提及选项D。
Mayor Michael Bloomberg's administration received a major setback when a judge halted its plan to limit the size of sugary drinks in New York City. The mayor had hoped the law would slow the pace of the obesity epidemic by limiting the number of empty calories citizens drink daily. Although the link between sugary drinks and obesity is only circumstantial, most public-health experts strongly supported the move. The average American takes in about 170 calories a day from sugary drinks, and our consumption has doubled in the past few decades, mirroring the rise in obesity.
The verdict delighted fans of enormous sugary drinks everywhere. To them, this attempt to limit their freedom to drink nutrition-free colored sugar water deprived them of their inalienable right to be as unhealthy as they wish.
I have just two words for celebrants: seat belts. Since 1968 federal law has required car manufacturers to place seat belts in all new cars. A majority of states have adopted a "primary enforcement" law that permits police to stop and ticket a driver or passenger solely for not wearing a seat belt. The results are indisputable： Between 1975 and 2009, seat belts saved more than 260 000 lives, according to a study by the Department of Transportation.
The argument for restricting big sugary drinks now is the same as for seat belts then： contrary to popular belief, government actually is in a position, by using laws and financial disincentives (抑制因素)，to make people do something that，despite that it is good for them，they otherwise would not do.
The simple truth is this: we are not perfect and need a little help now and again, especially in those tasks that are unpleasant-touching toes, buckling up, slimming down, flossing our teeth. The coercive power of government, by talking to us through legislation, pushes us in the right direction toward goals to which we all aspire. To pass a law limiting sugary drinks to 16 ounces is not an example of overreach，but rather promising evidence that decades of governmental underreach in the realm of public health may finally be coming to an end.
6
What could we learn about Michael Bloomberg's plan?
A.
It intended to restrict sugar sales.
B.
It got few supports from experts.
C.
It was turned down by the judge.
D.
It was based on sufficient evidence.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的Michael Bloomberg's plan定位到原文首段首句。细节辨认题。定位句提到Michael Bloomberg政府的计划是限制纽约市含糖饮料的包装大小,但法官否决了该计划。选项C)的内容与定位句的含义相符，故为正确答案。
7
Fans of enormous sugary drinks applauded the verdict because they thought_____.
A.
they might get health benefits from enormous sugary drinks
B.
they had the right to choose to be unhealthy
C.
statistics concerning sugary drinks were too exaggerated
D.
the government could play a great role in protecting their health
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的Fans of enormous sugary drinks定位到原文第二段。细节辨认题。定位段提到大量摄入含糖饮料的追捧者们对这一裁决的态度:他们高兴不已。接着交代了他们持这种态度的原因：他们认为这项计划试图限制他们饮用无营养、彩色糖水的自由，剥夺了他们有权选择不健康的权利。由此得知，他们赞成这一裁决的原因是他们认为自己有权选择不健康，故选项B)为本题的正确答案。
8
"Seat belts" is cited as an example to_____.
A.
show the significance of seat belts in driving a car
B.
introduce the enforcement and outcomes of a law related to seat belts
C.
compare the differences between seat belts and big sugary drinks
D.
prove the importance of government's role in sugary drinks
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的Seatbelts定位到原文第三、四段。推理判断题。文章第三段提到政府强制执行有关安全带法律后，挽救了很多人的生命。第四段提到推行限制大瓶含糖饮料的法律和推行安全带的法律存在共同点，即政府应该利用法律和金融杠杆让人们做那些对他们有好处、但他们却不愿意做的事情。由此得知，文章提到”安全带”是为了证明政府控制含糖饮料的重要性，选项D)为本题的正确答案。
9
"The coercive power of government" (Para. 5) refers to the government's power to_____.
A.
offer advice to the public
B.
solve problems in society
C.
satisfy whatever the public demands
D.
force the public to follow its decision
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的The coercive power of the government定位到原文第五段第二句。推理判断题。定位句指出，政府的强制性权力可以通过立法推着我们，朝着我们向往的目标走向正确的方向。结合上一句的举例可知，政府拥有强制性权力，可以让公众按照它的决定行事，选项D)为本题的正确答案。
10
What is the outcome of the government's measures on public health for decades?
A.
The measures have great influence on public health.
B.
The measures worsen public health to a large degree.
C.
The measures help the public focus more on their health.
D.
The measures fail to achieve what they are intended for.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的public health和decades定位到原文第五段末句。推理判断题。由定位句可知，通过一项法律限制16盎司以上的含糖饮料并不能说明政府过度使用了权力，反而可以证明政府有希望结束几十年来在公共卫生领域的无能为力。由此得知，政府几十年来在公共卫生领域所采取的措施并未获得预期的结果,选项D)为本题的正确答案。
Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different： Students seem to lack the will, and skill, to address these ordinary conflicts. "We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,"says a teacher. "So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don't know how to negotiate a problem."
And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent seething (不满）that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional outbursts occur about once a week, the university's director of housing and residence education says. "It used to be: "Let's sit down and talk about it, he says." Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have intensified. The students don't have the person-to-person discussions and they don't know how to handle them." The problem is most dramatic among freshmen: housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation，but some never seem to catch on，and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.
Administrators speculate that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text? Facebook creates even more friction as complaints go public. "Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook: 'Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,'" says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. "It's a different way to express their conflict to each other." In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor.
Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to intervene on campus.
11
What does the word "address" (Line 2, Para. 1) mean?
A.
To speak to.
B.
To make a formal speech.
C.
To mark with a destination.
D.
To deal with.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的"address"(Line2,Para.1)定位到第一段第一句。语义理解题。由定位句可知，学生看上去似乎缺乏意愿和技巧去_____普通的冲突，"冲突"作address的宾语，结合选项可知，"解决"符合题意，故正确答案为D)。
12
What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts?
A.
Students are always mad at each other.
B.
Students text each other in the same room.
C.
Students are not good at negotiating.
D.
Housing directors are responsible for them.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的roommate conflicts定位到第一段最后一句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知,舍友之间发生冲突是因为孩子们不知道如何通过协商来解决问题，故正确答案为C)。
13
According to the passage, we can see that cell phones and the Internet ___.
A.
make our life more convenient
B.
make person-to-person communication easier
C.
make it easier to take frustration out
D.
enable students to avoid uncomfortable meetings
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的cellphones and the Internet定位到第三段第一句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，学生对手机和网络的依赖使他们更容易避开那些令人不舒服的会面,故正确答案为D)。
14
What should parents do according to the passage?
A.
They should deal with their children's problems in their whole lives.
B.
They should leave their children alone to tackle any conflicts.
C.
They should intervene in their children's life on campus.
D.
They should teach their children the skills to settle conflicts.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的parents定位到最后一段。推理判断题。由定位段可知，父母习惯为孩子包办一切，甚至让孩子无法独自应付普通的冲突，即孩子们本身没有掌握相关的技巧，而这正是父母需要教给孩子们的,故正确答案为D)。
15
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A.
Students' Unhappy Life in College
B.
Students，Failure to Deal With Conflicts
C.
Parents' Intervention in Children's
D.
Teachers，Concern About Students
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的the best title for the passage定位到整篇文章。主旨大意题。由整篇文章的内容可以看出，作者关注的焦点是学生们不善于解决矛盾冲突这一问题，故B)为正确答案。
The new US health-insurance rules are designed to help those caught in Medicare's "doughnut hole"offer seniors more preventative (预防性的)care, and limit how much of their customers， money health-insurance companies can keep for overhead and profit.
The new rules include:
*A provision that limits what health insurers can do with the money their customers send in as premiums (保险金）.
The rule requires that insurers spend at least 80 percent of this money on the customers themselves. The companies must either spend this money to pay insurance claims or use it for activities that improve customers' health.
For policies that are sold to large groups instead of small companies and individuals, the number is even higher:85 percent. The remaining 15 or 20 percent of the money can be used for a company's salaries, marketing and overhead-or kept as profit.
Previously, there was no federal restrictions on insurance companies，spending. The federal government says some insurers kept 30 or even 50 percent. Insurance companies say this could cause them to cut back on the services they offer, or even pull out of states where administrative costs are higher. State officials also worry that the companies might cut the fees they pay to insurance brokers. That, they fear, would eliminate key middlemen who help individuals navigate a complicated insurance system.
*A provision that provides prescription-drug discounts for seniors in Medicare's " doughnut hole".
The doughnut hole is a controversial gap in the Medicare prescription-drug benefit passed in 2003. In 2010，for instance, Medicare paid for part of the cost of drugs, until the total cost of the drugs hit $ 2 830.
After that, seniors were responsible for 100 percent of the cost of their drugs, until they had spent $3 610 of their own money. That was the other side of the doughnut hole, and federal insurance kicked in again. This provision will give Medicare recipients stuck in the doughnut hole a 50 percent discount on the price of brand-name prescription drugs. Health-care activists are worried, however, that drugmakers will jack up their prices. In that case, customers would receive 50 percent off that higher number, which might not be much less than what they were paying before.
16
What is the purpose of designing the new US health-insurance rules?
A.
To limit customers' amount of money.
B.
To help those who have trouble in finance.
C.
To give old people more preventative care.
D.
To help companies keep more customers' money for overhead.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的designing和new US health-insurance rules定位到第一段。细节辨认题。由定位段可知，美国新出台的医疗保险制度的目的有三个：一是帮助那些陷入医疗保险制度面包圈漏洞中的人；二是为老年人提供更多的预防性的关照;三是限制保险公司使用投保人的投保金来作为公司的日常开支和利润来源，故正确答案为C)。
17
Insurers should spend 85% of the premiums on_____.
A.
the individuals
B.
large groups
C.
small companies
D.
medium companies
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的Insurers和85%定位到第五段第一句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，针对大型投保团体而不是小型投保团体或个人，保险公司需要将85%的保费用于投保人,故答案为B）。
18
Why does the federal government begin to restrict insurance companies' spending?
A.
There was no federal restrictions on such an issue before.
B.
The federal government wants companies to cut back on the services.
C.
The federal government wants to eliminate key middlemen.
D.
The federal government believes some insurers kept too much of their customers' money.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的insurance companies' spending定位到第六段前两句。推理判断题。定位句主要讲述联邦政府对保险公司费用采取限制的原因，即联邦政府认为有的保险公司截留投保人30%到50%的保险金。题干针对联邦政府对保险公司费用的限制原因提问，故D)为正确答案。
19
Who can enjoy prescription-drug discounts?
A.
The old people in Medicare's "doughnut hole".
B.
The old people in Medicare.
C.
The old people in federal government.
D.
The old people in federal insurance.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的prescription-drug discounts定位到第七段。细节辨认题。由定位段可知，此项条款旨在为那些陷入"面包圈漏洞"中的老人提供处方药品优惠折扣，故正确答案为A)。
20
What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.
After 2010，seniors were responsible for 100 percent of the cost of their drugs.
B.
Federal insurance began to take part in and asked for more potential profits.
C.
Customers will get a 50 percent discount except those stuck in the doughnut hole.
D.
Health-care activists are worried that drugmakers will increase relevant drugs' prices.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的the last paragraph定位到末段。推理判断题。由定位段及选项可知，四个选项从不同的角度来考查对整个段落的理解。定位段倒数第二句指出一些积极分子所担心的问题，即害怕制药商提高药品价格,D)中increase是对文中jackup的同义转述，由此可以推断正确答案为D)。
Sushi (寿司）is no longer the sole preserve of the adventurous diner. These days, grabbing a pack for lunch is almost as common as picking up a cheese and sandwich. The Japanese dish can be bought from every major supermarket (where sales have risen an astonishing 88 percent in the past two years). Indeed, the British sushi industry-of which Tesco has a 60 percent market share-is worth more than ￡56 million annually.
The main reason for its surge in popularity is its reputation as a healthy meal. Japanese women are among the healthiest in the world, while slender celebrities such as Victoria Beckham, Cheryl Cole and Keira Knightley are all fans of the raw fish dish.
But do sushi's nutrition credentials (证书)-especially the Western version-stack up? Not always, according to dietitian (营养学家）Rachel Beller. In her book Eat To Lose, Eat To Win, she says a "light lunch" of sushi may mean you overdose on calories and carbohydrates (碳水化合物）."A typical sushi roll contains 290 to 350 calories and has the carbohydrate equivalent of two- and-a-half to four slices of bread," says Ms Beller.
Bear in mind a sushi lunch contains two or three of these rolls, a total of up to 1 050 calories, and it's easy to see how we're conning ourselves that we're enjoying a low-calorie, healthy lunch.
Many of us believe eating sushi is a good way to get the officially recommended two portions of fish each week, but here's the problem： most sushi contains very little protein, despite its expense.
Health experts say a portion of fish should weigh 140g, but on average, the fish in a California roll (round rolled sushi, containing a small piece of fish) or piece of nigiri (rice with fish balanced on the top) weighs just 5g. You，d need to eat 28 pieces of sushi to reach your 140g portion-or more, if you choose a mixed sushi box containing vegetarian varieties.
Even "fish" sushi boxes don't contain much. Marks & Spencer Fish Sushi Selection (191g, ￡4.68) has just 36g of fish, meaning you would have to eat four boxes and consume 1184 calories to get one of your recommended fish portions.
21
What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A.
Sushi makes a hit in the UK nowadays.
B.
Tesco is a giant supermarket selling Sushi only.
C.
British people prefer sushi to sandwiches and cheese.
D.
Sushi enjoys popularity only among adventurous diners.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的first paragraph定位到第一段。推理判断题。由定位段可知，本段用三个例证表明当今英国寿司的盛行：它与奶酪、三明治一样成为普遍的午餐;这一日本料理在各大超市都能买到；英国的寿司产业产值颇丰，故A)为正确答案。
22
What is the main reason that sushi is becoming popular according to the passage?
A.
Because it is made of raw fish.
B.
Because it is regarded as a healthy food.
C.
Because Japanese women eat it.
D.
Because world-famous stars follow it.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
由题干中的becoming popular定位到第二段第一句。细节辨认题。由定位句可知，寿司变得如此受欢迎的主要原因是它享有健康食品的美誉，即人们认为寿司是健康食品，因此他们对寿司十分热爱，故B)为正确答案。
23
According to Rachel Beller, a "light lunch" of sushi ___
A.
contains enough nutrients for the human body
B.
contains too many rolls in a box
C.
is actually deceiving the dieters themselves
D.
is providing as equal calories and carbohydrates as bread
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
由题干中的Rachel Beller和a"light lunch"of sushi定位到第三、四段。推理判断题。Rachel Beller在她的《瘦在饮食，赢在饮食》一书中表示,一份所谓"简单的"寿司午餐可能意味着你会摄入过量的卡路里和碳水化合物。通过与面包的热量对照,她得出结论:我们吃这种低热量、健康的食物其实是在自欺欺人,故C)为正确答案。
24
As a matter of fact, getting the officially recommended portions of fish is equal to_____.
A.
eating sushi in various types bought mainly from Tesco
B.
eating a "light lunch" of sushi and four slices of bread
C.
eating a mixed sushi box containing vegetarian varieties
D.
eating 56 pieces of California roll or nigiri
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
D
系统解析：
由题干中的the officially recommended portions of fish定位到第五、六段。细节辨认题。第五段提及the officially recommended two portions of fish,第六段通过计算得出，需要吃28个才能得到重140克的aportion of fish。因此可以推断,要想获得官方推荐的two portions of fish，我们需要吃（28x2=)56个加州卷或生鱼片寿司，故D)为正确答案。
25
Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A.
How Sushi Can Make Us Fat
B.
Sushi Is Popular in Britain
C.
Sushi Is Dangerous to Humans
D.
What Sushi Is A Japanese Dish
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
由题干中的the best title of this passage定位到整篇文章。主旨大意题。本文前两段指出寿司的流行及其原因，但文章并没有就这一主题继续展开。第三段把重点锁定在寿司的营养上。通过一系列引证和计算，文章最后得出结论,寿司包含大量的热量和碳水化合物，而类似蛋白质的营养成分并不多，因此可以推断,寿司会让人发胖，故A)为正确答案。
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