四级翻译基础训练第30关

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1 姚明是中国第一位国际篮球巨星，身价(personal wealth)超过10亿美元。前年，姚明因复发性足部和腿部伤病退出赛场。4个月后，他在上海一知名学府注册入校。学校为他量身定做了学位课程(degree program)，并主要采取单独授课的方式。据一家官方媒体报道，这位前篮球明星对学习有着强烈的愿望。不过姚明也表示恐怕事情太多，没那么多时间学习。

参考答案：Yao Ming is China's first global basketball superstar with a personal wealth at more than $1 billion. Yao Ming quit the game because of repeated foot and leg injuries in the year before last. Four months later, he enrolled in a famous university in Shanghai. He is taking a tailored degree program with mostly one-on-one lectures. A state media said, the former basketball superstar had a "strong desire" for academic studies. But Yao Ming also expressed fears that he might have a schedule with little time for study.
系统解析：
1.第1句中的身价超过10亿美元可处理成状语，用介词短语with a personal wealth at more than $1 billion来表达，简洁明了。
2.第2句中的原因状语“因复发性足部和腿部的伤病”可用短语because of repeated foot and leg injuries来表达。
3.翻译第4句“学校为他量身定做了学位课程，并主要采取单独授课的方式”时，宜转换主语为he(指代姚明），这样论述的主题才统一。将“并主要采取单独授课的方式”处理成状语，译作with mostly one-on-one lectures。
4.在最后一句中，“表示恐怕”属于汉语中动词的连动式用法。而英语一句话里往往只有一个谓语动词，汉译英时常把汉语中的动词转换为名词，故把“恐怕”转换成名词，译作express fear。“事情太多”可以直译为 have too many things to do/deal with，但不如用 have a tight schedule来得简单、地道。

2 剩女(leftover women)通常指那些30岁或以上还单身的女性。在城市里，越来越多受过良好教育的职业女性加入到剩女的行列，所以剩女大多有着高收入。虽然一些剩女宣称“我单身，我快乐”，剩女问题却开始引起人们广泛关注，成为一个社会问题。为此，中国的一些地方政府开始着手安排相亲(matchmaking)活动，希望未婚女性在那里能遇到自己心仪的对象。

参考答案：Leftover women often refer to those who remain single at the age 30 or above. In the cities, a growing number of well educated and professional females join the ranks of leftover women, so most of them have a booming income. Though some leftover women claimed that "I am happy being single", the phenomenon of leftover women began to widely attract social attention and became a social problem. In order to solve this problem, some local governments in China have started to organize matchmaking events, where unmarried young women are expected to meet their Mr. Rights.
系统解析：
1.第1句中的定语“那些30岁或以上还单身的”较长，故将其处理成定语从句，译作who remain single at the age 30 or above。
2.第3句中的“我单身，我快乐”如果直译为I am single. I am happy则显得两句孤立，不如译为I am happy being single，更能表达其之间的因果关系。
3.最后一句中的“为此”译为in order to solve this problem，表达更具体、准确，上下语义更连贯。而其后的句子如果采用直译的方法，把前后半句译成用and连接的并列结构some local government have started to...and hoped that...，则显得有些生硬死板。仔细分析可以发现，前半句的“相亲活动”和后半句的“在那里”意思相关联，故把后半句处现成用关系副词where引导的从句。
4.最后一句中的“希望……”可以直译为they hope...，但把其处理成被动语态be expected to，以“未婚女性”作主语更流畅，故译作unmarried young women are expected to meet their Mr. Rights。

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